大学生膳食营养状况调查

目的]了解大学生的膳食营养状况,为指导大学生的合理膳食提供依据。方法]采用整群随机抽样的方法,以班为单位,随机抽取55个班549名学生,进行营养知识、营养行为和连续4 d的膳食调查。结果]大学生的热能及多种营养素摄入量均不足,甚至有的营养素严重缺乏。医学专业与非医学专业学生比较,其热能、VB1、VC、尼克酸的摄入量有统计学差异。碳水化合物的摄入量随年级升高而递减,维生素C的摄入量大三学生高于大二学生,早餐能量大一学生偏高。结论]大学生营养状况较差,膳食结构不合理。应全面增加各种营养素的摄入量,合理搭配食物,以提高营养水平。

SURVEY ON DIETARY NUTRITION SITUATION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Objective] To understand dietary nutrition situation of university students, and to provide evidence for instructing rational diet of university students. Methods] Taking class as unit, a total of 549 university students in 55 classes were selected by the method of random cluster sampling. A constructed questionnaire investigation was conducted among them and a four-day dietary survey was carried out. Results] The intake quantity of total energy and ma.y kinds of macronutrients were inadequate; some nutrients were even seriously lacked. The intake quantifies of heat energy, vitamin B1, vitamin C, Nicotinic Acid of medical students were significantly different from those of non-medical st.dents. Carbohydrate intake diminished with the increasing of grade. The intake of Vitamin C of students in grade three was higher than that of students in grade two, and the intake of breakfast energy of students in grade one was relatively higher. Conclusions] The nutritional status of university students is poor and the dietary pattern is unreasonable. To improve the nutritional level of university students, it is suggested that increasing intakes of various nutrients and balancing dietary pattern.