| 湖南省农村改水效益综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐明德 范元成. 湖南省农村改水效益综合评价[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 1996, 30(1): 23-25 |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐明德 范元成 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南医科大学公共卫生学院，湖南省卫生防疫站，湖南省农村改水办公室 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了对农村改水效益进行综合评价，我们按照国家水质分析的标准方法计算改水后水质中的细菌总数和大肠菌群下降５０％，水质综合指数为改水前的１９％；用环境流行病学的调查方法，在１１６０２名人群中与饮水有关的甲型肝炎、伤寒、痢疾和肠炎每年的发病率比改水前分别减少２．２０‰、０．３９‰、２．７０‰和１４．３０‰；用人力资本法计算得出减少上述疾病的经济损失为３７２３８元／年，节省取水劳动力时间获取的经济效益为１９８６４４元／年；改水后增加家庭经济收入１６４１８８元／年。由此得出农村改水效益综合评价的指标为水质综合指数，肠道传染病的发病率，健康损害的经济损失、节省取水劳动力时间及家庭的经济收入。
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| 关 键 词： | 评价研究 农村卫生 |
ComprehensiveCost-BenefitEvaluationfortheImprovementofRuralWaterSupplyinHunanProvinceTangMingde |
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| FanYuancheng,WangGuangxing,et al.. ComprehensiveCost-BenefitEvaluationfortheImprovementofRuralWaterSupplyinHunanProvinceTangMingde[J]. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine, 1996, 30(1): 23-25 |
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| Authors: | FanYuancheng WangGuangxing et al. |
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| Affiliation: | FanYuancheng,WangGuangxing,etal.SchoolofPubicHealth,HunanMedicalUniversity,Changsha41007 |
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| Abstract: | Comprehensivecost-benefitevaluationfortheimprovementofruralwatersupplywasconductedaccordingtothenationalstandardmethodsforanalysisofwaterquality.Resultsshowedtotalbacteriacountandcoliformgroupcountinthewaterdeclinedby51?tertheimprove-ment,andsyntheticindexofwaterqualitydeclinedto19%ofthatbeforetheImprovement.Environ-mentalepidemiologicalstudiesshowedyearlyincidenceofhepatitisA,typhoidfever,diarrheaanden-teritisdecreasedby2.20/1000,0.39/1000,2.70/1000and14.30/1000,respectively,ascomparedwiththosebeforetheimprovement,andwiththemanpowercapitalmethod,economiclosscausedbytheabove-mentioneddiseasesloweredby37238yuan,economicbenefitgainedbysavinglabor-timeforwater-takingreached198644yuan,andfamilyincomeincreased164188yuanperyear.Itsuggeststheaboveindicatorsalcanbeusedincomprehensivecost-benefitevaluationoftheimprovementofruralwatersupply. |
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| Keywords: | EvaluationstudiesRuralhealth |
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