神经干细胞移植治疗损伤脊髓的实验研究

目的 探讨异体胚胎神经干细胞(neural stem cell，NSC：)移植修复治疗损伤脊髓的疗效。方法 由胚胎SD鼠大脑海马区脑组织培养出NSC，经传代、5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶(BrdU)标记后植入按Allen法制成的SD鼠的损伤脊髓内，术后观察鼠的行为改变、斜板试验及改良运动功能Tarlov评分评价功能恢复；体感诱发电位(SEP)和磁刺激运动诱发电位(MEP)监测脊髓感觉及运动电位传递；光镜及电镜观察植入区组织结构；以示踪剂麦胚凝集素。辣根过氧化物酶(WGA-HRP)显色观察轴突的生长及功能恢复；以免疫组化方法检测神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和饱和硫蛋白(S100)阳性细胞。结果 NSC在损伤脊髓中能成活并分化为神经元及神经胶质细胞，有轴突形成，分化倾向于神经元，能迁移1cm距离。WGA—HRF，能被运输到挫伤以外区域，运动电位能传递到损伤区远端，行为学观察受试组优于对照组。结果 异体胚胎NSC能在损伤区替代受损的神经元及神经胶质细胞，形成神经轴突联系，使损伤的脊髓功能得到一定程度的恢复。

The Experimental Study of Neural Stem Cells'Transplantation on Injured Spinal Cord

Objective To study the curative effects by transplantation of heterologous embryonic neural stem cells on injured spinal cord. Methods Neural stem cells were cultured from the brain tissue of hippocampal gyrus of embryonic SD rats,and then transplanted to the injured spinal cord hit by the different weight (Allen method) afer passaging which labeled with 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU).The spinal regeneration of operated rats were observed functionally including behavioral observations,slanting board tests and improved Tarlov's scores.The spinal sensor and motorial potential transmissions were monitored by somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) and motor evoked potential (MEP).The structure of the transplanted region was observed by light and electron microscope.Axon's growth and functional recovery were monitored with a neural tracer-wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP).Positive cells of glial fibrioary acidic protin (GFAP) and S 100 protein were detected by immunohistological method. Results NSC can survive in the injured spinal cord,differentiate into neurons and glia,established communications,and tend to differentiate into neurons and automatically migrate at a distance of 1cm. The tracer can be transported to the distant area of imjured region,and the MEP can be reached too.The neural functional recovery is better than that in the control groups. Conclusion The transplanted heterologous embryonic NSC can substitute the injured neurons and glia of injured spinal core,form new con communications,and promote the spinal function to some extent.