厦门市城区集居学龄前儿童意外伤害危险因素病例对照研究

目的 了解厦门市城区集居学龄前儿童意外伤害影响因素，为制定有效的预防措施提供依据。方法 根据厦门市的特点，选择有代表性的两个城区，随机抽取１０所幼儿园３～６岁儿童共２１４６名。收集１９９８年４月至１９９９年３月意外伤害的情况，筛选出病例２３１人进行１：１配对。结果 意外伤害发生率为１６．２％；男童意外伤害发生率明显高于女童（Ｐ〈０．０５）；随着年龄的增加发生率呈下降趋势（Ｐ〈０．００１）。意外伤害发生类型以碰伤、跌伤为主，占６５．４％。经单变量配对χ＾２检验及多变量条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ逐步回归分析，伤害直接影响因素为：父毒的工作类型、母亲怀孕次数、分娩方式、父亲年龄、儿童参加活动情况及儿童性格行为。用多元线性逐步回归分析，发现另外一些家庭因素通过影响儿童行为对伤害产生间接影响。结论 意外伤害是多因素相互作用的结

An Analysis on Unintentional Injuries and Relative Factors among Preschool Children in the City Zong of Xiamen

【Objective】 To find out the influencing factors of injuries among preschool children in the city zone of Xiamenand to provide basis for adopting the effective measure to prevention. 【Methods】 A cluster sampling study on the conditions of in-juries was conducted among 2 146 children aged 3～6 years in the ten kindergartens during April 1998 to March 1999 in XiamenCity. 231 children with unintentional injuries were studied through a one to one matched case-control study. 【Results】 The over-all incidence of injuries among preschool children in Xiamen City was 16.2% with schoolboys higher than schoolgirls ( P < 0.05 ).There was a trend that the incidence of injuries reduced with age. Fall and impact injury took the leading type of incidence, account-ed for 65.4%. Results from single and multiple factors analysis showed such cases were significantly related with following factors:thetype of parents'job, the times of maternal pregnancy,the pattern of childbirth, father' s age, the condition of children activity, thechildren' character and behaviors. With the multiple regression, other factors about family affected children' injuries indirectly by af-fecting their behaviors. 【Conclusions】 The unintentional injuries of children were caused by multiple factors, which were pre-ventable. The prevention of children' s unintentional injuries should be emphasized on the necessary protective measure of childrenand safety education. Child's good characters should be corrected and correct undesirable behaviors.