青年近视患者LASIK术后远期干眼随访研究

目的 随访青年近视患者LASIK术后远期干眼.方法 以LASIK手术患者为治疗组(A组),非手术单纯近视患者为对照组(B组),分别于术前及术后1 a、3 a、5 a检查患者裸眼视力、屈光度、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光素染色和泪液分泌试验,诊断并填写眼表疾病指数(ocular surface disease index,OSDI)调查问卷.结果 A组术后干眼发病率高于术前(35.6％)且随时间降低(术后1 a、3 a、5 a分别为51.7％、44.9％和40.7％),B组各时间点间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两组比较,术前差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术后其他时间A组均高于B组(均为P＜0.05).A组术后轻度干眼占多数但逐年减少(分别为65.6％、52.8％和41.7％),中度和重度干眼构成逐年提高,且重度干眼更为明显(分别为6.6％、11.3％和16.7％;P＜0.05).术后5 a,干眼患者裸眼视力和视觉功能OSDI评分均明显低于非干眼患者(均为P＜0.05),残留屈光度和眼部症状OSDI评分明显高于非干眼患者(均为P＜0.05).结论 青年近视患者LASIK术后干眼长期存在甚至可能加重,要长期关注青年近视患者LASIK术后干眼进展.

Long-term follow up of dry eye after LASIK in young myopia patients

Objective To investigate long-term data of dry eye after LASIK in young myopia patients.Methods Young myopia patients were divided into treated group (group A) and control (group B),who were interviewed before surgery and on 1 year,3 years and 5 years after surgery.Their diopters,uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA),tear breakup time test,Schirmer I test and corneal fluorescent staining were taken,then dry eye was diagnosed and OSDI questionnaire were scored.Results The postoperative incidence of dry eye in group A was higher than that before surgery (35.6％) and decreased with time (51.7％,44.9％ and 40.7％,respectively),and there was no significant difference in group B at each time point (P ＞ 0.05).The preoperative incidence of dry eye was equal between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),which were much higher in group A after surgery (all P ＜ 0.05).In group A,the postoperative constituent ratio of mild dry eye was the majority and decreased with time (65.6％,52.8％,41.7％,respectively),while moderate and severe dry eye was increased,especially the latter (6.6％,11.3％ and 16.7％,respectively;P ＜ 0.05).At 5 years after surgery,the UCVA and visual function score in dry eye patients were lower than those of non-dry eye patients (all P ＜ 0.05),while the residual refraction and ocular symptom score were higher than those of dry eye patients (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dry eye disease may last for a long time and may getting worse after LASIK.Therefore,we should pay more attention to the development of dry eye long after LASIK in young myopic patients.