不同类型黄斑裂孔周边视网膜变性的比较

目的 比较高度近视性(＞-6.00 D)黄斑裂孔和外伤性黄斑裂孔的患眼周边视网膜变性区的发生情况.方法 行玻璃体切割术的黄斑裂孔患者106例(106眼),分为两组:A组为高度近视性黄斑裂孔组,68例(68眼);B组为外伤性黄斑裂孔组,38例(38眼).所有患者均进行术前三面镜和玻璃体切割术中对周边视网膜检查,以确认周边视网膜的变性情况.结果 A组中周边视网膜有变性区者52眼,占76.47％;B组中周边视网膜有变性区者8眼,占21.05％.两组周边视网膜变性区的发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=30.48,P=0.000).A组周边视网膜有变性区的52眼中,非压迫变白者42眼,检出率为61.76％;格子样变性44眼,检出率为64.71％;囊样变性19眼,检出率为27.94％;其他类型变性15眼,检出率为22.06％.B组周边视网膜有变性区的8眼中,非压迫变白者6眼,检出率15.79％;格子样变性7眼,检出率18.42％;囊样变性4眼,检出率10.53％;其他类型变性2眼,检出率5.26％.结论 外伤性黄斑裂孔其周边视网膜变性的发生率比高度近视黄斑裂孔明显较少.

Comparison of peripheral retinal degeneration in macular hole caused by high myopia and trauma

Objective To compare the occurrence of the peripheral retinal degeneration in macular hole due to high myopia (＞-6.00 D) and trauma.Methods Data of 106 patients (106 eyes) with macular hole undergoing vitrectomy operation were analyzed,and they were divided into two groups according to myopic refractive degree:group A (68 eyes of 68 patients with high myopia) and group B (38 eyes of 38 patients with trauma).The peripheral retinas of all patients were examined carefully through preoperative three-mirror contact lens test and intraoperative the vitrectomy surgery.Results There were 52 eyes with peripheral retinal degeneration in group A,accounting for 76.47％,while group B had 8 eyes with peripheral retinal degeneration,accounting for 21.05％ in group B.The occurrence rates of peripheral retinal degeneration between the two groups approached significant difference (x2 =30.48,P =0.000).Among 52 eyes with retinal degeneration in the retina of the group A,non-oppressed whitening degeneration presented in 42 eyes,and the detection rate was 61.76％,lattice degeneration was in 44 eyes,with the detection rate of 64.71％,cystic degeneration in 19 eyes,with the detection rate of 27.94％ and other types of degeneration in 15 eyes,with the detection rate of 22.06％.There were 8 eyes with retinal degeneration in the retina of the group B,and non-oppressed whitening degeneration presented in 6 eyes,with the detection rate of 15.79％,lattice degeneration was in 7 eyes,with the detection rate of 18.42％,cystic degeneration in 4 eyes,with the detection rate of 10.53％ and other types of degeneration in 2 eyes,with the detection rate of 5.26％.Conclusion The occurrence rate of peripheral retinal degeneration in traumatic patients is obvious lower than that in patients with high myopia.