《气质与性格量表》的发展演变和中文版的信效度检定

目的 1)介绍《气质与性格量表》(TCI)的理论基础和发展完善过程.2)验证125条目中文版TCI的信效度.方法 1958名大学新生完成了125条目的TCI问卷.回收的数据随机分为两组:一组做探索性因子分析(exploratory factor analysis,EFA)、一组做验证性因子分析(confirmatory factor analysis,CFA).结果 1)TCI总体的内部一致性信度为0.88,7个因子的Cronbach α系数依次为NS-0.68、HA-0.82、RD-0.52、P-0.61、SD-0.83、C-0.73和ST-0.79.2)EFA显示,单独针对气质维度的分析提取了4个因子、针对性格的分析提取了3个因子、针对整体TCI的分析提取了5个因子.CFA显示,基于EFA结果构建的气质4因子、性格3因子是适合度较好的模型,整体5因子的模型优于英文原版的7因子结构.结论 125条目的中文版TCI的信效度较好,具有较好的心理测量学特征,可以用作临床和科研工作中的人格测评工具.

The Development of Temperament and Character Inventory and the Reliability and Validity Tests of Its Chinese version

Objective To introduce the theoretical foundation of Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the process of its development and improvement and examine the reliability and validity of its 125 items in Chinese version. Methods 1,958 college freshmen completed the 125 items of TCI in Chinese version. The data were randomly divided into two groups of independent samples. The data of one group were used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and those of the other group for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results Firstly, the Cronbach′α coefficient of TCI was 0.88, and the Cronbach′α coefficients of 7 factors were NS-0.68, HA-0.82, RD-0.52, P-0.61, SD-0.83, C-0.73, and ST-0.79 respectively. Secondly, The EFA results suggested a four-factor structure for temperament domains, a three-factor structure for character domains, and a five-factor structure for TCI, which was confirmed by the CFA results. Conclusion The 125 items of TCI in Chinese version have good reliability and validity as well as good psychometric characteristics, so they can be used as an assessment tool of personality traits in the future clinical and scientific research.