加速康复计划在结直肠癌外科治疗中的应用

目的 评价加速康复计划在结直肠癌外科治疗中的疗效和安全性.方法 以2007年10月至2009年10月北京朝阳医院普外科手术治疗的110例结直肠癌患者为研究对象,在围手术期实施加速康复计划;以我科2005年5月至2007年9月采用传统围手术期处理的117例结直肠癌患者为对照组,两组患者的人口学特点、肿瘤分期和手术方法具有可比性.观察两组患者术后胃肠功能恢复、并发症、病死率以及术后住院时间.结果 加速康复组与对照组相比,首次排气时间提前（2.5与3.5 d,P=0.034）,能更早地耐受固体食物（6.0与6.7 d,P=0.028）,总并发症率降低（23.6%与39.3%,P=0.011）,术后住院时间缩短（9.0与10.8 d,P=0.041）.两组患者的病死率、吻合口漏发生率、感染和非感染并发症率差异无统计学意义.结论 加速康复计划在结直肠癌外科治疗中应用安全有效,患者术后胃肠功能恢复加快,总并发症率减少,住院时间缩短,具有较好的临床效果.

Application of enhanced rehabilitation program in colorectal cancer surgery

Objective To assess efficacy and safety of enhanced rehabilitation program for patients with colorectal cancer surgery. Methods One hundred and ten consecutive patients admitted to general surgery department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital during October 2007 to October 2009 undergone with fasttrack colorectal cancer surgery and enhanced rehabilitation were prospectively studied, with 117 patients undergone with same colorectal cancer surgery by traditional perioperative treatment during May 2005 to September 2007 as controls. Restoration of their gastrointestinal function, occurrence of complications, fatality and length of hospital stay after surgical operation were observed in the group of enhanced rehabilitation and control group. Results Demographic characteristics, stage classification of illness and surgical operation methods were comparable in both groups. The first day with air discharge from the flux was earlier in enhanced rehabilitation group than that in controls (2. 5 vs. 3. 5 day after surgery, P ＜ 0. 05 ), and the former could tolerate solid food earlier than the latter (6.0 vs. 6.7 days after surgery, P=0.028). Overall morbidity of complications was less in the group with enhanced rehabilitation than that in controls (23.6% vs. 39. 3%,P =0. 011 ) and shorter length of hospital stay was observed in the former than that in the latter (9. 0 vs. 10. 8 days after surgery, P =0. 041 ). There was no difference in mortality, incidence of anastomotic leakage, and infectious and non-infectious complications between the two groups. Conclusions Enhanced rehabilitation program is safe and effective following colorectal cancer surgery to accelerate restoration of gastrointestinal function, reduce complications and shorten hospital stay after colorectal cancer surgery.