种植义齿修复中的过渡义齿

拔牙后需近一年的愈合期，颌骨组织结构才能恢复重建到适合于作种植的状态。对目前最常用的二段式种植系统来说。植入手术后又需3-6个月的愈合期才能在植入体——骨组织间形成“骨整合”界面。在上述期间，过渡义齿是必不可少的。过渡义齿不仅能在两个愈合期中保持患者一定程度的咀嚼功能，发音功能和容貌，还有利于颌骨的健康，并能从过渡义齿的设计制作都是重要的信息。在许多情况下，过渡义齿还可能被用作X线检查和手术模板。因此，过渡义齿应被视为种植义齿修复中一个重要环节。过渡义齿可以用患者以往戴用的旧义齿，也可以在种植手术之前重新设计制作。除常规义齿的一切要求外，种植修复中的过渡义齿还应考虑到治疗过程中牙嵴形态的变化（包括基台的尺寸形状）。过渡义齿的结构设计应能方便地作相应修改，以适应种植手术后牙嵴形态的改变，保护种植体免受不到形成骨整合界面的外力负荷。

The Role of Temporary Denture in Implant Prostheses

Healing periods is extremely imprtant both for the rebuilding of alveolar bone after extraction of dental roots and the forming of osseointegrated interface between implant and bone after implantation by means of two stage system. A temporary denture is therefore necessary for not only the oral function and appearance, but also the health of bone tissue. Many informations about certain patients such as the characteristic of oral function, the effect of denture cleaning and selfcleaning and, however the expectation on the denture, are very helpful for the designing and manufacture of implant denture. The temporary dentures can also be used as radiographic stems and/or surgical stems. Besides all the requirements to the routine denturea a temporary denture in implant prostheses must be easy to be modified to adapt the morphologic changes of alveolar ridges during all the stages of implant therapy until the implant denture put into function.