上海市婚后六年妻子避孕知识状况及影响因素分析

目的 :了解上海市 80年代末初婚 76 93对夫妇婚后 6年内妻子避孕知识状况。方法 :由描述及拟合多元线性回归模型对影响妻子婚后 6年时避孕知识得分的因素进行分析。结果 :该时 96 .3 %的夫妇已有一孩 ;妻子平均避孕知识得分 ( 1 6 .4分 )虽明显高于新婚 3个月时 ( 5.9分 ) ,但与婚后 1 5个月时比较 ( 1 1 .9分 ) ,无显著差异 ;0 .9%仍对避孕措施一无所知 ;2 0 .5%仍不会正确使用避孕套 ;虽 95%知道口服药 ,仅 3 1 .8%能正确述出使用方法 ,对安全期基本了解的正确性相对较高 ,在 91 .7%的知道该措施的妻子中 ,77.1 %能基本掌握推算排卵期方法。多元回归模型显示 ,该时妻子避孕知识得分主要与其对避孕措施的负性态度、了解生殖健康有关知识的广度或受丈夫的避孕知识的影响有明显关系。不了解避孕套能预防艾滋病、性病或不愿使用某避孕措施的妻子其避孕知识得分明显偏低 ;产后首选非宫内节育器或有多种性生活体位者该时的避孕知识得分也相对较高。结论 :随婚后时间的推移 ,上海市妻子避孕知识增长趋向缓慢。计划生育工作人员及社会媒体有必要结合生殖健康知识的普及 ,继续加强对已生育孩子的夫妇双方避孕知识 ,特别是口服药对妇女健康效应的教育 ,以提高可接受性 ,进一步保障妇女健康、降低人工流产率。

Shanghai wives' dynamic changes of contraceptive knowledge and attitude and factors related to wives' contraceptive knowledge in six years after wedding

Objective: To know Shanghai wives' dynamic gains of contraceptive knowledge within 6 years after wedding. To explore factors influencing wives' contraceptive knowledge score (CKS) in six years after wedding. Method: A cohort of 7 693 couples was followed up since their marital registration up to the 6th year after wedding. Multiple linear regression models were fited to identify factors affecting wives' CKS. Results: 96.3% of couples who have got their first child up to the time. The mean CKS at this moment for wives (16.4 scores) has been much higher than that at the 3 rd month after wedding (5.9 scores). However it did not show a significant increase compared with that at the 15 th month after wedding (11.9 scores). There were 0.9% of wives who still knew nothing about contraception and 20.5% of wives who could not use condom correctly. Even though 95% of wives who knew the pill, only 31.8% of them knew how to use it correctly. On the contrary, 91.7% of women, who could mention rhythm, among them 77.1% could state the application in proper way. Multiple regression models revealed that the main factors influencing wives CKS were their general knowledge on reproductive health, e.g. those who did not know condom use at sex could protect them from cathing AIDS, venereal diseases etc. Or those who had a negative attitude to contraception had significantly lower CKS. Those who had ever adopted some contraceptive methods other than IUD or had multiple positions at sex could also have a higher level of CKS. Conclusions: The further gain of Shanghai wives' CKS after 15 th month up to the 6 th year tends to be slow. It is necessary to keep on teaching more knowledge on reproductive health and instructing the proper use of different contraceptive methods for Shanghai young couples, both men and women after they have had their first baby. It is also needed to let women know more about the beneficial effects of the pill and to help them eliminate their unnecessary worries about contraceptive methods, especially the pill.