上海市养老机构护理人员手卫生现况与分析

目的通过调查了解掌握养老机构护理人员手卫生理论知识和行为现况并分析影响因素,为探索提高手卫生依从性和降低院内感染的有效举措提供参考。方法于2018年4-9月,采用WHO推荐的"手卫生认知问卷"和"手卫生依从性观察表"以及自行编制的一般资料调查表和手卫生影响因素问卷,对上海市民政局市属3家养老机构的333名护理人员进行调查。结果 333名被调查的养老机构护理人员对手卫生知识的知晓率仅为39.96%;手卫生依从性为57.76%。在可能的影响因素中,47.45%的护理人员认为是缺乏干手用具;42.04%的人认为洗手液、消毒液对手部皮肤具有刺激性;38.44%认为洗手设施不符合要求;34.23%认为养老机构未提供足够的速干手消毒液;33.03%认为自身手卫生意识不强,常忘记洗手。结论养老机构护理人员对手卫生的正确认知尚不够,整体手卫生依从性较低,管理层应通过各种途径提高护理人员的手卫生知识,改善手卫生执行情况。

Status Quo and Analysis of Hand Hygiene of Nursing Staff in Nursing Institution for the Aged in Shanghai

Objective To investigate the status on hand hygiene knowledge and behavior of nursing staff in nursing institution for the aged and analyze the influencing factors, and to explore effective measures for improving hand hygiene compliance and reducing nosocomial infection. Methods From April to September2018, 333 nursing staff in three nursing institutions for the aged affiliated to Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau were surveyed by using the "Hand Hygiene Cognition Questionnaire" and "Hand Hygiene Compliance Observation Form" recommended by WHO, as well as the self-prepared General Information Questionnaire and Questionnaire on Influencing Factors for Hand Hygiene. Results Among 333 nursing staff in the investigated nursing institution for the aged, only 39.96% of them knew the knowledge of hand hygiene, and the hand hygiene compliance rate was 57.76%. Among the possible influencing factors, 47.45% of the nursing staff believed that there was a lack of hand dryers;42.04% believed that sanitizer and disinfectant were irritating to hand skin;38.44% believed that hand washing facilities did not meet the requirements;34.23% believed that nursing institutions for the aged did not provide sufficient quickdrying hand sanitizer;33.03% believed that they often forgot to wash their hands as with weak awareness of hand hygiene. Conclusion Not all nursing staff in nursing institutions for the aged have correct cognition of hand hygiene, and the overall hand hygiene compliance is low. The Management should improve nursing staff’s knowledge of and performance on hand hygiene through various ways.