兰州市西固区流动儿童肾脏病筛查及随访情况总结

目的探讨兰州市西固区流动儿童尿筛查的异常检出率并初步分析导致异常的原因。方法本研究选取兰州市西固区小学1年级在校流动儿童1 233例，选取该区同年龄段常驻居民儿童1 129例为对照组。通过尿试纸法对所有入组儿童进行晨尿的尿常规检测，尿检异常儿童重复尿检。对检出异常的147例儿童进行了定期随访。结果本次尿筛查尿检异常共328例，总检出率为13.6%，其中检出潜血9.3%，蛋白尿0.4%，潜血合并蛋白尿0.3%，白细胞尿4.1%。流动儿童潜血的检出率（10.8%）显著高于城镇常住儿童，但在蛋白尿、潜血合并蛋白尿及白细胞尿检出率上两者并无显著差异。流动儿童中男童潜血、潜血合并蛋白尿、蛋白尿的检出率均显著高于城镇常住男童，但2种不同家庭来源的女童在各项尿异常间不存在显著差异。随访的147例进一步诊断单纯血尿21例（异常红细胞＞60%）；紫癜性肾炎1例，尿路感染2例。结论对儿童进行尿液筛查是发现早期发现泌尿系统疾病的简便方法，流动儿童的尿筛查对于普及儿童慢性肾脏病的认识和早期疾病管理具有积极意义。

Screening of chronic kidney diseases and follow up in migrant children in Lanzhou Xigu district

ObjectiveTo explore the abnormal detection rates in sceening of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in migrant children in Lanzhou Xigu district and to analyze the reason. MethodsA total of 1 233 migrant children ranging 6 8 years old were collected and another 1 129 resident children were collected as control group. Urine test was performed in all children by urine test paper method. Among 2 332 children， repeat urine test was done in 147 children who had abnormal result in the first test. Children with abnormal urine result were divided into three groups: hematuria， proteinuria， hematuria and proteinuria， and bacteriuria. ResultsOur data showed that total detection rate was 13.6%， including hematuria 9.3%，proteinuria 0.4%，hematuria and proteinuria 0.3% and bacteriuria 4.1%. The detection rate of hematuria (10.8%) in migrant childrenwas significantly higher than that of the resident children， but in proteinuria， bacteriuria， hematuria and proteinuria， there were no significant difference between them. The detection rates of hematuria， hematuria and proteinuria and proteinuria were significantly higher in the male migrant children than in the male resident children. There were no significant difference in hematuria， proteinuria， hematuria and proteinuria， and bacteriuria between female migrant children and female resident children. In 147 cases of follow up， 21 cases with simple hematuria were found， one case with henoch schonlein purpura nephritis was found， two cases with urinary tract infection were found. ConclusionUrine screening is a convenient way for early detection of renal disorders in children. More attention should be paid to the positive screening results in the migrant children.