宁夏贫困地区回族小学生吸烟习惯现况分析

目的了解贫困地区回族小学生烟草接触现状及城乡差异,对比分析其影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,选取宁夏固原市原州区城乡4所小学的1～5年级共20个班512名回族小学生为研究对象,对他们尝试吸烟和被动吸烟状况及影响因素进行初步调查和研究。结果回族小学生尝试吸烟年龄最小为6岁,总体尝试吸烟率为23.4%,且随着年级的增高而上升;总体被动吸烟率为62.7%,且城市高于农村(χ2=4.25,P<0.05)。城乡回族小学生家庭中有人吸烟的比例分别为57.5%和46.7%,差异有显著性(χ2=5.71,P<0.05)。城乡回族小学生尝试吸烟者第一支烟从家中、从同学朋友处、自己购买三个来源相当。在被动吸烟的回族小学生中,城市和农村分别有52.2%和73.7%从家庭获得,城乡间差异有显著性(χ2=23.72P<0.005)。在吸烟危害认知方面,城乡知晓者所占比重均在90%以上,而对被动吸烟危害的认知和态度方面则均稍差一些,但均以城市好于农村。结论宁夏贫困地区回族小学生烟草接触率较高,与其生活环境关系密切。

The analysis of the present situations of smoking habits in the hui minority primary school students in the backward region of Ningxia

Objective To find out the current situations of smoking habits in the Hui minority primary school students that have in the backward region and the different situations between the suburb region and the rural area. Methods 512 Hui minority primary school students were choosed from grade one to grade five of four different primary schools in 20 classes in the township of Yuanzhou District, Guyuan City, Ningxia Province. The preliminary investigations on the situations were carried out to find out the elements which affect the students on learning to smoke or becoming negative smokers. Results The youngest smoker was at the ages of 6 years Hui minority primary school student. The total percentages of smoking were 23.4 % , And the rates went up as their grades raise. While the rates of the negative smokers takes 62.7 % , And the rates in suburb region were more higher than those in the rural area( χ~2 =4.25, P < 0.05) . The rates of the Hui minority primary school students, from the suburb and the rural areas, whose families had smokers were 57.5 % and 46.7% respectively(P < 0.05) .The first cigarette for those students who learning to smoke in the suburb and the rural area usually came from their family, from their classmates or friends. And these three main sources are equal one another. Among all the negative smokers in the suburb and the rural area, the rates of getting the cigarettes from their families takes 52.2% and 73.7% respectively, with statistical significance(χ~2 =23.72, P < 0.005) . In case of the awareness about the harm from smoking, although the rates of stutents that realise it takes 90 % in the suburb and the rural areas, their awareness and attitudes towards the harm from negative smoking are both a little bit poor, But this awareness in the suburb region is still better than in the rural area. Conclusion The rates of possible smokers among the Hui minority primary school students in the backward region of Ningxia Province were more higher. And it has a close relationship with their living environment.