儿童胸腺增生的X线和CT诊断

目的 提高对胸腺增生影像学表现的认识，避免误诊。材料与方法 报道９例胸腺增生，主要讨论胸腺增生的影像学表现，诊断以及鉴别诊断。结果 Ｘ线表现：圆形或椭圆形２例，略呈分叶形３例，三角形2例，仅表现为一侧纵隔增宽2例。CT表现：四边形或梯形3例，三角形或帆形2例，分叶状1例，椭圆形1例，不规则形2例。9例密度均匀，强化不明显。结论 胸腺增生的诊断主要依靠X线、CT以及MR等影像学征象，年龄和病史在诊断中有重要作用，但确诊需依靠病理检查。经皮穿刺活检有一定价值。

The X-ray and CT Diagnosis of Hyperplastic Thymus in Children

Objective To make a further understanding of the imaging features of hyperplastic thymus in children.Materials and Methods Nine cases of hyperplastic thymus were collected in this study. The imaging manifestations were analyzed, and the diagnosis and differentiation were discussed.Results On X ray films, the hyperplastic thymus displayed round or elliptical (n=2), lobulated (n=3), or triangle (n=2) in shape, or showed unilateral widened mediastinum (n=2). On CT scans, the hyperplastic thymus were quadrilateral or trapezoid (n=3), triangle or sail shaped (n=2), lobulated (n=1), elliptical (n=1) or irregular (n=2), with even density and without marked enhancement.Conclusion The diagnosis of hyperplastic thymus mainly depends on the imaging signs, while age and history are of much help. Percutaneous needle biopsy is valuable, though pathological examination is usually needed to confirm the diagnosis.