事业单位管理者和高校教师的职业倦怠现状及其影响因素

目的 了解事业单位管理者和高校教师的职业倦怠现状及其影响因素.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取管理者、高校教师等1250名作为样本进行问卷调查.结果 男性的人格解体和职业倦怠得分均高于女性;不同民族职业倦怠得分无明显差异;年轻人、工作早期、低收入、低学历和未婚者较容易产生职业倦怠.社会支持、内控、积极应对与职业倦怠呈负相关,职业应激、外控、心理控制、消极应对与职业倦怠呈正相关.影响职业人群职业倦怠的主要因素有人口学特征(低年龄、低工龄、低收入、低学历和未婚)、社会支持、心理控制感、应对方式和职业应激,其中职业应激是主要的影响因素.职业应激可以直接导致职业倦怠,同时又受到心理控制等调节变量的影响对职业倦怠产生间接作用.结论 职业倦怠随着职业人群人口学特征的不同而有差异,同时受到心理控制等变量的调节.

Study on status and influential factors of job burnout among supervisors and teachers

Objective To investigate job burnout status and influential factors and to offer a new solution for intervention with job burnout. Methods 1250 participants were sampled with stratified cluster random methods from various kinds of occupations, including administrators, teachers in high schools and so on. Participants were asked to fill out serials questionnaires. Results Male workers showed significantly more depersonalization and burnout than female workers. And there were no significant differences in the dimensions of job burnout. Younger, earlier job, financially strained, low academic career and single marital status were liable to suffer from job burnout. There was a significantly negative correlative relation between social support, internal locus of control, active coping style and burnout; there was a significantly positive relation between occupational stress, external locus of control, locus of control, passive coping style and burnout. Demographic characteristic (younger, earlier job, financially strained, low academic career and single marital status), occupational stress, social support.locus of control and coping style were influential factors of burnout. Occupational stress was a significant predictor for burnout. Not only could occupational stress have a direct effect on burnout, but also be indirectly affected by moderators such as health locus of control. Conclusion There are differences on the dimensions of burnout varied with demographic characteristic; Moderators such as locus of control may in part mediate the association between occupational stress and job burnout.