留守初中生心理健康状况与应对方式的关系研究

目的了解与探讨农村初中生的心理健康状况以及与应对方式之间的关系。方法采用中学生应对方式量表、中学生心理健康量表对阆中市千佛片区508名初中生进行调查分析。结果①留守初中生与非留守初中生在心理健康量表上的得分均〉2分,两者在强迫症状因子得分上差异显著（t=-4.362,P〈0.01）留守中学生显著高于非留守中学生;②留守学生中男生与女生在心理健康量表上强迫、偏执等7个因子得分上存在显著性差异（t=-4.362~0.867,P〈0.05）,其中女生得分要比男生高;③留守中学生采取的积极应对方式中：问题解决与偏执、抑郁、学习压力、适应不良、情绪不稳定得分呈显著负相关（r=-0.197~-0.107,P〈0.05）,积极合理化的解释与偏执、学习压力、适应不良、情绪不稳定得分呈显著负相关（r=-0.123~-0.092,P〈0.05）;消极应对方式中：忍耐因子除人际关系和适应不良外的8个因子得分均呈显著正相关（r=0.10~0.180,P〈0.05）,逃避因子与除强迫症状以外的9个因子均呈显著正相关（r=0.140~0.216,P〈0.05）,发泄情绪因子得分与除抑郁以外的9个因子得分均呈显著正相关（r=0.157~0.275,P〈0.05）,否认幻想因子得分与心理健康量表的10个因子得分均呈显著正相关（r=0.145~0.291,P〈0.05）。结论留守学生存在轻度的心理问题,应对方式可能是影响心理健康的一个因素,女生心理问题的检出率高于男生。

Relation between Mental Health and Coping Style in Left-behind Junior High School Students

Objective To understand and explore the relation between mental health status and coping styles in students from countryside junior high school.Methods Five hundred and eight students in qianfo area which was in langzhong city were investigated.The investigation was carried out with middle school students＇ mental health scale and middle school students coping styles scale.Results ①The scores were more than 2 points on every factors of mental health scale,and there was a significant difference on factor of compulsive symptom between them（t=-4.362,P〈0.01）.②There were significant differeces between male students and female students on the scores of 7 factors such as compulsive,paranoid in mental health scale（t=-4.362~0.867,P〈0.05）.③In the coping styles taken by the left-behind students,there were significant negative correlations among question solving and paranoid,depression,study stress,maladjustment,and emotional instadility（r=-0.197~-0.107,P〈0.05）;there were significant negative correlations among active rational explain and paranoid,study stress,maladjustment,and emotional instability（r=-0.123~-0.092,P〈0.05）;in the negative coping styles,there were significant positive correlations among the scores of 8 factors in restrain except interpersonal relationship and maladjustment（r=0.10~0.180,P〈0.05）;there were significant positive correlations among escape factor and 9 factors except compulsive factor（r=0.140~0.216,P〈0.05）;there were significant positive correlations among abreaction factor and 9 factors except depression factor（r=0.157~0.275,P〈0.05）;there were significant positive correlations among deny illusion factor and 10 factors in mental health scale（r=0.145~0.291,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The left-behind students have mild mental problems,coping styles are the main factors affecting mental health.The detection rate of psychological problems in girls is higher than that in the boys.