老年人肺癌的临床特点

目的探讨老年人肺癌的临床特点，以提高早期肺癌的诊断率。方法分析经细胞病理学检查确诊的老年肺癌86例临床资料并与同期收治的22例非老年肺癌作比较。结果65～75岁（86．05％）为老年肺癌高峰发病年龄；吸烟，老年组84．88％，非老年组68．18%；咳嗽、痰血老年与非老年组为77．91％、45．35％；77．27％、54．55％；胸痛发生率在老年组和非老年组各占25．58％、68．18％（P〈0．05）；细胞病理学，老年与非老年组鳞癌占62．79％、22．73％（P〈0．05）；小细胞癌，老年组与非老年组19．77％、59．09％（P〈0．05）；肿瘤远处转移，老年组36．05％，非老年组68．18％。结论老年、吸烟量和时间长度与肺癌有明显剂量关系，常以咳嗽、痰血为主要临床表现。老年组肺癌胸痛发生率明显低于非老年组。细胞病理学以鳞癌为多见，诊断时不少患者已发生肿瘤远处转移。

Clinical features of the elder lung cancer

Objective The study investigated the clinical features of the elder cancer for the purpose of increasing the diagnostic rate in the early stage of lung cancer.Methods We compared the clinical materials of 86 elder lung cancer patients diagnosed by the cell pathologic examination with 22 non-elderly lung cancer patients.Results The pathogenetic age peak of the elder lung cancer was 65～75 years old(about 86.05% in the elderly lung cancer group).Smokers in the elder group account for 84.88%and 68.18% in the non-the elderly group.Those who had cough and hemoptysis accounted for 77.91%,45.35% respectively in the elderly group and 77.27%,54.55% in the non-the elderly group.Those who had chest pain accounted for 25.58% in the elderly group and 68.18% in the non-the elderly group respectively(P＜0.05).The results of the cytopathologic examination showed that squamous carcinoma,positive rate was 62.79% in the elder group and 22.73% in the other group(P＜0.05),and the positive rate of small cell carcinoma was 19.77% in the elder group and 59.09% in the non-the elder group(P＜0.05).And the tumor distant metastasis rate was 36.05% in the elder group and 68.18% in the non-the elder group.Conclusion The old age,the smoking and the time were closely related with the lung cancer.In lung cancer the cough and hemoptysis were the main clinical manifestation.The incidence rate of the elder lung cancer was inferior to that of the non-the elder group obviously.Squamous carcinoma was the most common in the elder patients with distant metastasis.