乌苏里藜芦碱抗血栓作用的研究

目的 研究乌苏里藜芦生物碱(VnA)对大鼠的抗血栓作用。方法 分别应用电刺激诱发大鼠颈总动脉血栓形成模型和瘀血诱发下腔静脉血栓形成模型评价VnA的抗动、静脉血栓形成作用。结果 大鼠iv6种不同剂量的VnA(7．2～42．9μg／kg)导致血管阻塞时间(OT)显著延长，且具明显的剂量依赖性，VnA30μg／kg产生的抗动脉血栓形成作用与赖氨匹林18．0mg／kg的作用相当。单次ivVnA30μg／kg使OT呈时间依赖性延长。VnA抗动脉血栓形成作用起效迅速，持续至少80min，iv后15min达效应峰值。iv VnA(15～45μg／kg)显著减少下腔静脉血栓干质量，并呈剂量依赖性。结论 VnA具有强大的抗动、静脉血栓形成作用，并具明显的剂量依赖性守时间依赖性。其抗血栓效能高，作用强度大，在大鼠的有效剂量低至μg／kg水平。VnA抗血栓活性的发现为其研究开发展示了新的前景。

Antithrombotic effects of Veratrum nigrum var. ussuriense alkaloids

Object To investigate antithrombotic effects of Veratrum nigrum L. var ussuriense Nakai alkaloids (VnA) in rats. Methods The electrically induced rat carotid artery thrombosis model was used to examine the antiarterial thrombosis effect of VnA using occlusion time (OT) of carotid artery as pharmacologic index; the stasis-induced inferior vena cava thrombosis model was used to evaluate antivenous thrombosis effect of VnA in terms of thrombosis formation rate and decrease in thrombus dry weight. Results The iv administration of VnA (7.2-42.9) μg/kg to rats resulted in a dose-dependent effect and significant prolongation in OT. VnA at the dose of 30 μg/kg produced an antiarterial thrombosis effect equal to that of LAS (18.0 mg/kg). Also, a single bolus iv VnA (30 μg/kg) increased OT in a time-dependent manner; the antiarterial thrombosis effect was rapid in onset and lasted at least 80 min, and peaked at 15 min postdosing. VnA (15-45 μg/kg iv) decreased the thrombus dry weight significantly and dose-dependently. Conclusion VnA has powerful inhibitory effects against both arterial and venous thrombosis in rats and acts in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Its effective dose is as low as μg per kg body weight of rats. The finding of the VnA antithrombotic effeets reveal a bright future of its R & D.