突触前神经末梢的钙离子通道

突触前神经末梢的主要作用是以量子方式释放神经递质 ,并以此激活突触后的靶细胞。突触前神经末梢有大量的离子通道 ,在递质释放的每个步骤都有大量离子通道参与。这些离子通道主要包括 :钙离子 (Ca2 )通道、钾离子通道、Ca2 门控的钾离子通道、钠离子通道、氯离子通道、突触前配体 门控的离子通道及其他一些离子通道 ,其中Ca2 通道在递质释放的过程中尤为重要。Ca2 通道存在多种类型 ,不同类型的分子构成不同 ,性质也不同 ,它们分布在不同的生物组织中。不同Ca2 通道之间还存在着协同关系以促进递质释放。此外 ,大量存在的Ca2 通道是在生理和药理方面对递质释放进行更有效调节的基础。

Ca~(2 ) channels in presynaptic nerve terminals

The primary function of the presynaptic nerve terminals is to release quantum transmitter and thus activate the postsynaptic target cell. In every step leading to the release of transmitter, there is a substantial involvement of ion channels. A multitude of ion channels are present at presynaptic nerve terminals. These channels mainly include calcium (Ca 2 ) channels, potassium channels, Ca 2 -gated potassium channels, sodium channels, chloride channels, presynaptic ligand-gated channels and other channels. The Ca 2 channels are more important in the process of transmitter release. There are many types of Ca 2 channels. Different types are composed of different molecular structures. They have different characteristics and distributions in different biological tissues. Among different types, there are cooperative effects to enhance the release of transmitter. Furthermore, the abundance of Ca 2 channels is the basis for the physiological and pharmacological regulation and control of the process of transmitter release.