慢性丙型肝炎患者抑郁焦虑状况及影响因素分析

目的 探究昆明市慢性丙型肝炎患者抑郁、焦虑状况及影响因素。方法 随机选取2013年1月至2018年12月昆明市传染病监测系统报告的慢性丙型肝炎患者480例作为研究对象,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）与抑郁自评量表（SDS）评估慢性丙型肝炎患者抑郁、焦虑程度,通过单因素分析与Logistic回归分析筛选影响患者抑郁、焦虑的相关因素。结果 480例慢性丙型肝炎患者中男/女为320/160,平均年龄（45.40±3.72）岁,病程0.5~12.0年,平均（7.63±2.45）年。患者SDS评分为（47.81±9.69）分、SAS评分为（42.62±9.53）分,其中SDS≥53分的有124例（25.83%）,SAS≥50分的有110例（22.92%）。Logistic回归分析显示：初中及以下文化程度（OR=2.986）、中间型性格（OR=1.895）、内向型性格（OR=1.869）、人均月收入<1 000元（OR=3.735）、感到被歧视（OR=1.447）是影响患者抑郁的独立危险因素,知晓预防措施（OR=0.326）为保护因素;中间型性格（OR=1.957）、内向型性格（OR=2.043）及感到被歧视（OR=1.862）是影响患者焦虑的危险因素,知晓预防措施（OR=0.387）为保护因素。结论 昆明市慢性丙型肝炎患者抑郁、焦虑评分处于较高水平,文化程度低、性格内向、收入低、感到被歧视是影响抑郁、焦虑的危险因素,知晓预防措施为保护性因素。

Status and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Objective To investigate the depression and anxiety status of chronic hepatitis C patients and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 480 patients with chronic hepatitis C reported by Kunming infectious disease surveillance system from January 2013 to December 2018 were randomly selected as the research objects, Self Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self Rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used to evaluate the degree of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the related factors of depression and anxiety. Results In 480 patients with chronic hepatitis C, 320/160 were male/female, the average age was （45.40 ± 3.72） years, and the course of disease was 0.5-12.0 years, with an average of （7.63 ± 2.45） years. The patients' SDS score was （47.81±9.69） and SAS score was （42.62±9.53）, among which 124 cases （25.83%） with SDS≥53 and 110 cases （22.92%） with SAS≥50. Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school or below （OR=2.986）, intermediate personality （OR=1.895）, introverted personality （OR=1.869）, per capita monthly income < 1 000 yuan （OR=3.735）, and feeling discriminated against （OR=1.447） were independent risk factors of depression in patients with chronic hepatitis C, while knowledge of preventive measures （OR=0.326） were protective factors. Intermediate personality （OR=1.957）, introverted personality （OR=2.043） and feeling discriminated against （OR=1.862） were the risk factors affecting anxiety, and knowledge of preventive measures （OR=0.387） was the protective factor. Conclusion The depression and anxiety scores of patients with chronic hepatitis C in Kunming are at a high level. The risk factors of depression and anxiety are low education level, introverted personality, low income and feeling discriminated against, while knowing preventive measures is a protective factor.