云南省新型冠状病毒肺炎临床及流行病学特征

目的 探讨云南省新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）确诊病例的临床及流行病学特征。方法 采用回顾性研究对云南省公开发布的新冠肺炎确诊病例的一般流行病学资料及临床检查资料进行分析。结果 确诊病例174例,年龄3~85岁,平均（41.7±18.1）岁,男性89例（51.1%）,女性85例（48.9%）。全省14个地州市均有确诊病例;入院后病情评估轻型占21.3%,普通型占68.8%,重型占9.2%,危重型占0.7%;出院98.9%、死亡1.1%。确诊病例中湖北籍47.4%,云南籍42.9%。51.1%从武汉到云南,11.5%曾到武汉,11.5%密切接触新冠肺炎病例,24.7%为不明确流行病学史。首发和临床症状中,以发热、咳嗽、咳痰、乏力为主要表现。实验室检查95.5%病例白细胞正常或减少,41.3%患者淋巴细胞计数降低,29.2%患者淋巴细胞百分比降低;少部分病例谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）升高;轻/普通型和重/危重型患者首发症状中,发热所占比例差异有统计学意义（48.2%比78.6%,P<0.05）。结论 云南省新冠肺炎大部分病例有明确的流行病学史,人群中普遍易感,且在性别间无差异。临床分型大多患者为普通型,主要表现为发热、咳嗽、咳痰、乏力,预后较好。

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Yunnan Province

Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 confirmed cases in Yunnan Province. Methods A retrospective study was used to analyze the general epidemiological data and clinical examination data of COVID-19 confirmed cases publicly released in Yunnan Province. Results There were 174 confirmed cases, aged 3-85 years old, with an average age of （41.7±18.1） years; 89 males （51.1%） and 85 females （48.9%）. All 14 prefectures and cities in the province had confirmed cases. After admission, the condition assessed was 21.3% for mild type, 68.8% for common type, 9.2% for severe type, and 0.7% for critically type; 98.9% were discharged from hospital and 1.1% died. Among the confirmed cases, 47.4% were from Hubei and 42.9% from Yunnan. 51.1% were from Wuhan to Yunnan, 11.5% had been to Wuhan, 11.5% had close contact with COVID-19 patients, and 24.7% had an unclear epidemiological history. In the first episode and clinical symptoms, fever, cough, sputum, and fatigue were the main manifestations. In laboratory tests, 95.5% of patients had normal or decreased white blood cells, 41.3% had a decrease in the count of lymphocyte, and 29.2% had a decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes; A small number of patients had elevated aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT）. There was statistically significant difference in the proportion of fever in the first symptoms of mild/common type and severe/critical type （48.2% vs 78.6%, P < 0.05）. Conclusion Most patients with COVID-19 in Yunnan Province have a clear epidemiological history, and the population is generally susceptible, and there is no difference between genders. Most of the patients with clinical classification are common type, mainly manifested in fever, cough, sputum, fatigue, and good prognosis.