Bobath神经发育疗法在脑卒中后幸存者康复训练中的应用

目的探讨在康复护理中运用Bobath神经发育疗法（NDT．Bobath）对缺血性脑卒中后患者步态障碍康复及生活能力的影响。方法将2010年7月至2012年12月收治的168例缺血性脑卒中幸存患者按入院时间分为对照组和观察组，每组各84例，对照组给予常规康复治疗及康复护理，观察组除常规康复治疗、护理外，同时运用NDT-Bobath，分别采用步行速度、步行节律、步幅长度、下肢运动功能评定简式Fugl—Meyer评分（FMA）、日常生活能力Barthel指数（BI）对患者治疗前后及NDT—Bobath前后患者运动及生活能力进行评分，并进行分析比较。结果治疗前两组患者的步行速度、步行节律、步幅长度、FMA及BI评分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗6周后，观察组步行速度、步行节律、步幅长度、FMA及BI评分分别为（0．716±0．398）m／s，（85．3±18．5）步／min，（1．748±O．598）m，（62．5±19．7）分，（ss．1±22．4）分，优于对照组的（O．564±0．358）m／s，（77．8±18．7）步／min，（1．514±0．545）m，（45．8±16．6）分，（36．4±18．1）分，差异有统计学意义（t分别为2．602，2．613，2．651，5．941，6．906；P〈0．01）。结论在缺血性脑卒中后患者康复治疗及护理中运用NDT．Bobath能提高患者步态障碍的恢复及Et常生活质量。

Application of Bobath neurodevelopmental treatment in the rehabilitation training among stroke survivors

Objective To explore the effect of neurodevelopmental treatment-Bobath （NDT-Bobath）, which was used in the rehabilitation nursing, in the rehabilitation of gait disturbances and activity of daily living （ADL） among ischemic stroke survivors. Methods A total of 168 ischemic stroke survivors admitted between July 2010 and December 2012, were divided into control group and experimental group by admission time, with 84 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment and nursing, while the patients in the experimental group received NDT-Bobath as well as conventional rehabilitation and nursing. The motor function and ADL of patients were evaluated by walking speed, walking rhythm, stride length, Fugl-Meyer Assessment （ FMA ） score for lower extremity motor function, and Barthel Index （ BI ） of ADL, and which were compared between the two groups. Results Before treatment, there were no statistically significant difference in walking speed, walking rhythm, stride length, FMA scores and BI scores between the control group of patients and the experimental group of patients （ P 〉 O. 05 ）. At the 6th week after treatment, the walking speed, walking rhythm, stride length, FMA scores and BI scores among patients in the experimental group were all higher than those in the control group [ （0. 716 ± 0. 398） m/s vs （0. 564 ± O. 358） m/s, （85.3＋18.5）steps / min vs（77.8 ± 18.7） steps / min, （1.748 ±0.598）m vs （1.514±0.545）m, （62.5 ± 19.7） scores vs （45.8 ±16.6） scores, （58.1 ± 22.4） scores vs （ 36.4 ± 18. 1 ） scores ], with statistically significant difference （ t = 2. 602, 2. 613, 2. 651, 5. 941, 6. 906, respectively; P 〈 0. O1 ）. Conclusions Application of the NDT-Bobath in the rehabilitation treatment and nursing can improve the rehabilitation of gait disturbances and the quality of daily life among ischemic stroke survivors.