彩色多普勒超声诊断228例新生儿婴儿先天性心脏病

目的分析228例新生儿、婴儿先天性心脏病的彩色多普勒超声诊断。方法利用彩色多普勒血流显像仪，局部放大观察各心脏各切面结构和彩色血流特征，必要时采用节段分析法。新生儿不用镇静药。结果228例中室间隔缺损(VSD)125(占54．82％)，缺损口平均3．9mm，其中新生儿42例；房间隔缺损(ASD)25例(占10．96％)，其中继发孔型22例，原发孔型3例，缺损口平均6．4mm；动脉导管未闭28例，单纯肺动脉狭窄22例，法洛四联症12例，大血管转位9例，心内膜垫缺损3例，右位心、左室发育不良各1例，三尖瓣闭锁2例。结论新生儿、婴儿先天性心脏病的诊断主要依据超声直接征象和彩色多普勒异常血流，先心病中以室间隔缺损最为常见，尤以膜部及膜部瘤状缺损为多。

Color Doppler Sonography for Congenital Heart Dise ases in Neonates and Infants

Objective To analyze color Doppler sonographic diagnosis in congenital heart diseases in neonates and infants. Methods The characteristics of cardiac structures and color blood flow in 228 cases were observed with color Doppler sonography. The local amplification (zoom) and segmental analysis were used if necessary. No transquilizer was used in neonates. Results Among 228 cases, VSD in 125 cases (54. 82%) with the mean defect size of 3. 9mm (42 were neonates), ASD in 25 cases (10. 96%) with the mean size of 6. 4 mm (ostium primum in 22 cases, ostium secundum in 3 cases) , PDA in 28 cases, simple pulmonary valvular stenosis in 22 cases, tetralogy of Fallot in 12 cases, transposition of the great arteries in 9 cases, endocardial cushion defect in 3 cases, tricuspid atresia in 2 cases, dextrocardia and hypoplasia of the left ventricle in each one respectively. Conclusions Direct sonographic views and abnormal color Doppler flow images are the main basis for diagnosing congenital heart diseases in neonates and infants. In various congenital heart diseases, the incidence of VSD is the highest, majority of which are membranous VSD and membranous ventricular septal aneurysm.