北京市批发市场务工人员艾滋病知识、态度和行为调查研究

目的了解北京市阜外某批发市场务工人员艾滋病知识、态度和行为现状，为制定该人群的艾滋病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查的方法对3300名市场务工人员进行了调查。结果被调查者对艾滋病知识有一定的了解，知识总知晓率为75．5％，但知识掌握不全面。对艾滋病三大传播途径知识知晓率在80％以上，但非传播途径知晓率较低，均在60％以下，个别的仅为30．3％；被调查者对艾滋病病毒感染者和病人仍存在一定歧视态度，仅有43．0％的人表示不会对艾滋病病毒感染者避而远之，不同的态度与知识知晓情况存在正相关；被调查者高危行为发生率较高，2．4％的人有过吸毒史，63．5％的人有过性生活，其中发生过婚前性行为的占45．5％，已婚的发生婚外性行为的占8．8％；安全套使用率不高，近半年中每次都用者占16．1％，最近一次性生活使用安全套者占36．8％。结论应针对批发市场务工人员的知识薄弱环节进行艾滋病的健康教育，提倡安全套的使用，减少高危行为，降低艾滋病的传播与流行。

Survey on knowledge, attitude and behavior of AIDS among workers of Beijing wholesale market

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and behavior of AIDS among workers of Beijing wholesale market and in order to facilitate the development of AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods 3300 workers were conducted a questionnaire about knowledge,attitude and behavior of AIDS.Results The workers were informed of some AIDS related knowledge,but not thoroughly,and the overall knowledge awareness rate was 75.5%.More than 80% of the workers knew the 3 transmission routes of AIDS clearly,while less than 60.0% of them knew the non-transmission routes of AIDS,and the awareness rate of partial non-transmission route was only 30.3%.43.0% of the workers discriminated against AIDS patients in some degree,and people's attitude was positively related to their knowledge.2.4% of the workers had ever used drug.63.5% of them ever had sexual activities,in which 45.5% ever had premarital sexual behavior.8.8% of the married people ever had extramarital sexual behavior.16.1% of the workers had used condom every time in the last 6 months,and 36.8% of them used condom at the last sexual behavior.Conclusion Health education to wholesale workers should be strengthened on knowledge of AIDS,increase utilization of the condom and decrease the occuring of high-risk behavior for preventing the transmission and prevalence of AIDS infection.