DNA疫苗递送系统研究进展

DNA疫苗是在基因治疗和转基因技术基础上产生的第三代疫苗,已成为当前疫苗研究领域的热点.因裸DNA疫苗直接接种存在诸多不足之处,故研制新的给药系统,保护DNA免受生物环境破坏,将其有效导人靶细胞,使之具有更强的免疫效能是研究的主要内容之一.目前研究较多的非病毒递送系统有脂质体、天然高分子载体、人工合成聚合物载体、减毒胞内菌等,其中分别以阳离子脂质体、壳聚糖、聚乙烯亚胺、伤寒沙门菌较为常用.现有研究结果 已显示出上述递送系统的巨大应用潜力,它们各自的优势必将对DNA疫苗的推广起到很好的促进作用.

Progress in the delivery systems of DNA vaccine

DNA vaccine is the third-generation vaccine based on gene therapy and transgenic technology.The research on it has become a new area of interest to date. There are some shortcomings when the naked DNA vaccine is inoculated directly. Therefore, it is one of the main tasks that to develop new delivery systemwhich can protect DNA from biological damage, and transfer it into target cells effectively to make it have astronger immunizing potency. The current non-viral delivery systems include liposomes, natural polymer car-rier, synthetic polymer carrier, and attenuated intracellular bacteria. The cationic liposomes, chitosan, poly-ethylcneimine, Salmonella typhi are commonly used . Research results have shown the potential in applica-tions of these delivery systems. Their advantages will promote the application of DNA vaccines.