首发广泛性焦虑障碍患者认知功能特点

目的:探讨首发广泛性焦虑障碍患者认知功能的特点。方法:应用广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、剑桥神经心理自动化成套测试软件(CANTAB)中RVP、DMS、IED 3项测验对48名首发广泛性焦虑障碍患者及48名正常对照施测,分析两组被试注意能力、工作记忆能力、执行功能的差异,并了解上述认知功能和总体焦虑水平、状态焦虑、特质焦虑的相关性。结果:首发广泛性焦虑障碍组RVP测验正确率显著低于对照组(t=-4.38,P0.05),平均反应时显著长于对照组(t=4.66,P0.05);DMS测验中多项延迟测试任务正确数都显著低于对照组(t=-6.31~-3.62,P0.05),平均反应时都显著长于对照组(t=3.45~4.17,P0.05);IED测验中总错误数(t=3.33,P0.05)、外维转换错误数(t=2.48,P0.05)、完成测试数(t=2.59,P0.05)显著大于对照组。首发广泛性焦虑障碍组DMS多项延迟测试反应时、IED外维转换错误数与GAD-7、SAI、TAI得分呈显著正相关(P0.05),RVP正确率与GAD-7、SAI得分成呈显著负相关(P0.05)。结论:首发广泛性焦虑障碍患者存在多项认知功能异常。

The Characteristic of Cognitive Function in Patients with the First-episode Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Objective:To study the characteristic of cognitive function in patients with the first-episode generalized anxiety disorder.Methods:48 patients with the first-episode generalized anxiety disorder and 48 healthy subjects (control group)were recruited.Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)were used to assess the levels of overall anxiety,state anxiety and trait anxiety.Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP),Delayed Matching To Sample(DMS)and Intra/Extradimensional Set Shift(IED)from Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automatic Battery(CANTAB)were administered to assess the characteristic of attention, working memory and executive function,analysis of variance and covariance were conducted.Results:Compared with normal controls,patients with the first-episode generalized anxiety disorder had significantly lower accuracy(t=-4.38,P<0.05)and longer reaction time(t=4.66,P<0.05)of RVP;Significantly less corret hits(t=-6.31~-3.62, P<0.05)and longer reaction time(t=3.45~4.17,P<0.05)in many different forms of DMS;Significantly more to-tal errors(t=3.33,P<0.05),more extradimensional errors(t=2.48,P<0.05)and more finished numbers (t=2.59,P<0.05)of IED.For patients with the first-episode generalized anxiety disorder,GAD-7,SAI and TAI had significantly positive correlation with mean reaction time of many different forms of DMS and extradimensional er-rors of IED(P<0.05),GAD-7 and SAI had significantly negative correlation with the accuracy of RVP(P<0.05). Conclusion:Patients with the first-episode generalized anxiety disorder have impaired cognitive function.