某部新兵入伍适应期自杀意念的追踪研究

目的:为开展新兵入伍适应期自杀意念者的早期心理干预提供依据。方法:以某新兵训练单位25名新兵自杀意念者作为研究对象;采用自杀意念自评量表、军人生命保护性因素评定问卷、艾森克人格问卷(中文版),分别在入伍第1周(T1)、第11周(T2)对新兵自杀意念者进行测查;纵向比较自杀意念和相关因素的变化,分析在入伍适应期影响新兵自杀意念的关键因素。结果:与T1相比,T2时25名新兵自杀意念者SIOSS评分显著降低(t=4.602,P0.01),职业归属、自我悦纳、逆境应对、家庭支持及内外倾因素评分显著升高(t=-2.768,-3.017,-2.875,-2.787,-2.742;P0.05),神经质与精神质因素评分显著下降(t=3.572,2.729;P0.05);其中18名新兵筛选为无自杀意念组,7名筛选为有自杀意念组;两组在职业归属、自我悦纳、逆境应对、情绪调节和神经质因素上的变化值存在显著差异(U=26.50,19.00,11.50,22.00,29.50;P0.05)。结论:经历入伍适应期后,该部新兵自杀意念水平显著下降;在入伍适应期内,职业归属、自我悦纳、逆境应对、情绪调节、神经质等因素提高或改善显著对新兵自杀意念转阴有重要影响作用;针对新兵群体的自杀干预应注重增强职业归属感、提升自我悦纳水平、强化逆境应对技能、提升情绪调节能力、关注和干预神经质倾向。

A Follow - up Study on the Suicide Ideation in Recruits during the Adaptive Period

Objective :To provide evidence to early intervention for the recruits who have suicide ideation during the adaptive period .Methods :25 recruits who had suicide ideation from a recruit training unit were taken as research ob ‐ject .They were applied self - made questionnaire on suicide ideation ,protective factors questionnaire of soldiers ,and EPQ (Chinese version)during the first week(T1)and eleventh week(T2)after their recruitment .Longitudinal compar‐ison was investigated on the changes of suicidal ideation and related factors .Analyzing the key factors that affect the suicidal ideation of recruits during the adaptation period .Results :The score of SIOSS at T2 decreased significantly since T1(t = 4 .602 ,P < 0 .01) .Scores of occupational belonging ,self - acceptance ,coping with adversity ,family sup‐port ,introversion and extroversion had increased significantly (t = ‐2 .768 ,‐3 .017 ,‐2 .875 ,‐2 .787 ,‐2 .742 ;P < 0 .05) , scores of neuroticism and psychoticism had decreased markedly (t = 3 .572 ,2 .729 ;P < 0 .05) .18 of 25 recruits were se‐lected as non - suicidal ideation group ,the other 7 were selected as suicidal ideation group ;There were significant differences in the changes(T2 - T1)of those factors between these two groups on occupational belonging ,self - ac‐ceptance ,coping with adversity ,emotion regulation ,and neuroticism (U = 26 .50 ,19 .00 ,11 .50 ,22 .00 ,29 .50 ;P < 0 .05) . Conclusion :Suicidal ideation of recruit has significantly decreased after the adaptation period .It is affected by occupa‐tional belonging ,self - acceptance ,coping with adversity ,emotion regulation ,and neuroticism ;those factors enhanced or improved have important impact on eliminating suicide ideation .Suicide intervention of recruits should focus on enhancing the sense of occupational belonging and the level of self - acceptance ,strengthening the skills of coping with adversity and emotion regulation ,paying attention to neuroticism and doing intervention with that .