医学生死亡态度与自杀意念的关系:自我效能感的中介效应

目的:探讨医学生死亡态度与自杀意念的关系,以及自我效能感在其中可能的中介效应。方法:采用死亡态度描绘量表(DAP-R)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)和一般自我效能感量表(GSES),对某医学院437名医学生进行问卷调查。结果:1逃避死亡接受与自杀意念各因子均呈显著正相关(r=0.382,0.184,0.268,0.378;P0.001),自然死亡接受与乐观因子、睡眠因子及自杀意念总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.148,-0.226,-0.164;P0.01);2逃避死亡接受对自杀意念有显著的正向预测作用(t=6.871,P0.001),自然死亡接受对自杀意念有显著的负向预测作用(t=-2.469;P0.05);3自我效能感在逃避死亡接受和自然死亡接受对自杀意念的作用中均起部分中介作用(c’/b=-1.243,3.616;P0.001)。结论:对医学生进行死亡教育,提高自我效能感,可有效的减少自杀意念的产生。

The Relationship between Attitudes toward Death and Suicide Ideation in Medical Students:Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy

Objective:To explore the relationship between attitudes toward death and suicide ideation in medical students and the possible mediating effect of self -efficacy .Methods:437 medical students were tested by DAP-R , SIOSS and GSES .Results:① Escape acceptance was significantly positive correlation with each factor of suicidal idea‐tion(r=0 3.82 ,0 1.84 ,0 2.68 ,0 3.78 ;P<0 0.01);Natural acceptance was significantly negative correlation with posi‐tive factor ,sleep factor and total scores of suicidal ideation(r=‐0 1.48 ,‐0 2.26 ,‐0 1.64 ;P<0 0.1) .②Escape acceptance had a significantly positive prediction function on suicidal ideation(t=6 8.71 ,P<0 0.01);Natural acceptance had a significantly negative prediction function on suicidal ideation(t=‐2 4.69 ,P<0 0.5) .③The effect of escape acceptance and natural acceptance on suicidal ideation was partially mediated by self -efficacy(c’/b=‐1 2.43 ,3 6.16 ,P<0 0.01) . Conclusion:Death education and improving their self -efficacy for medical students ,can effectively reduce the gener‐ation of suicidal ideation .