不同年龄医护人员自我效能感、防御方式现状

目的:了解综合性三甲医院不同年龄医护人员的自我效能感和防御方式现状,探讨自我效能感与防御方式的相关性,为有效提高医护人员自我效能感提供理论依据。方法:选取某地区3所综合性三甲医院302名医护人员,采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)和防御方式问卷(DSQ)分别对其自我效能感状况和防御方式进行调查研究。结果:医护人员自我效能感总体得分较高,70.2%医护人员属于自我效能感较高人群。72.85%医护人员倾向于选择成熟防御方式。不同年龄医护人员在自我效能感得分上存在显著差异(F=27.432,P0.01),而在防御方式中仅在不成熟防御方式上差异显著(F=18.760,P0.01)。自我效能感与防御方式的关系研究显示,医护人员自我效能感较低者在不成熟防御方式上得分显著高于自我效能感较高者(t=3.407,P0.01),而在成熟防御方式上得分则显著低于自我效能感较高者(t=-2.590,P0.05)。此外,成熟防御方式得分与自我效能感呈显著正相关(r=0.163,P0.01),不成熟防御方式得分则与自我效能感呈显著负相关(r=-0.252,P0.01)。结论:医护人员的自我效能感与其特定的防御方式密切相关,发展成熟的防御方式有利于提高自我效能感,维护其身心健康。此外,不同年龄医护人员自我效能感与防御方式情况存在差异,可采取针对性的干预措施。

Relationship between Self - efficacy and Defense Style of Medical Staff in Different Ages

Objective :To investigate the status of self - efficacy and defense style and explore the correlation be‐tween them of medical staff in different ages in three model hospitals ,in order to provide evidences for enhancing their self - efficacy .Methods :General Self - Efficacy Scale(GSES )and Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ )were dis‐tributed to 302 medical staffs in the three model hospitals .Results :The overall score of self - efficacy from medical staff was rather high ,and 70 .2% of them in a high level .72 .85% of medical staff used mature defense style .There were significant differences in self - efficacy(F = 27 .432 ,P < 0 .01)and the immature defense style(F = 18 .760 ,P <0 .01)among medical staff in different ages .The study on relationship between self - efficacy and defense style showed that medical staff whose self - efficacy in a low level got a higher socre on immature defense style than those in a high level(t = 3 .407 ,P < 0 .01) ,but at the same time ,they got a significantly lower score on the mature defense style (t = ‐2 .590 ,P < 0 .05) .Besides ,there was a positive correlation in the mature defense style and self - efficacy (r =0 .163 ,P < 0 .01) ,and a negative one between immature defense style and self - efficacy(r = ‐0 .252 ,P < 0 .01) .Conclu‐sion :Self - efficacy of medical staff is closely related to their defense style ,choosing mature defense style can effec‐tively enhance their self - efficacy and improve their mental health .Furthermore ,there are differences between self -efficacy and defense style of medical staff in different ages ,we can take nichetargeting intervening measures to im‐prove their psychological health level .