大学生生命意义极性与强度量表的编制

目的:在文献分析的基础上初步构建大学生生命意义强度与极性的结构,借鉴国内外已有量表的相关项目编制大学生生命意义强度与极性量表。方法:对334名大学生进行量表初测,经过项目分析及探索性因素分析后形成包含9个项目的大学生生命意义极性量表和包含13个项目的大学生生命意义强度量表。对1608名大学生进行正式量表的施测以进一步验证量表结构并分析量表的信效度。结果:1大学生生命意义极性包含人与社会和人与己两个维度,人与社会的方差解释量较大,能够解释31.888%的总方差变异量,是生命意义极性的主要维度;生命意义强度由生活目标与热情以及执着追求两个维度组成,生活目标与热情的方差解释量较大,能够解释33.410%的总方差变异量,是生命意义强度核心维度;2大学生生命意义极性与强度量表以及各维度的内部一致性信度在0.651~0.858;量表及各维度的重测信度在0.625~0.787。两份量表的总分及各维度与效标均达到显著性正相关;3大学生生命意义极性量表的项目平均分高于生命意义强度,大学生生命意义极性较为积极,生命意义强度较弱。结论:大学生生命意义极性与强度量表的信效度均达到心理测量学要求,可以作为进一步研究的工具;大学生生命意义强度总体较弱但生命意义较为积极。

Development of Direction and Degree of Meaning in Life Scale for College Students

Objective:Based on literature review,the theoretical frame of Meaning in Life Scale for College Students came into being.By refining related items from mature tools of scale at home and abroad,the preliminary scale was made.Methods:22 items in total were confirmed in formal scale by item analysis and exploratory factor analysis after conducting the survey on 334 college students with the preliminary scale.1608 college students were investigated with the formal scale to further confirm its structure and determine the reliability and validity of the scale.Results:①College students'polarity of meaning in life was consists of two dimensions,man and society could explain 31.888%of the meaning of life,which was the main dimension of the polarity of the meaning of life;The intensity of meaning in life scale was composed of two dimensions:Life goals and enthusiasm,persistent pursuit.Life goals and enthusi-asm could explain 33.410% the total variance of the meaning in life,which was the core dimensions of intensity of meaning in life scale.②College students'polarity and intensity of meaning in life scale and each dimension'internal consistency reliability were 0.651 ~ 0.858;the test-retest reliability were 0.625 ~ 0.787.the total score and each dimension score of two scales were significantly positive correlation with the criterion.③The score of polarity scale of college students'meaning in life was higher than that of intensity scale of meaning in life,the polarity of meaning of life of college students was positive,the intensity scale of meaning was weak.Conclusion:The reliability and validi-ty of the meaning in life scale for college students meet the requirement of psychometrics,and college students' meaning in life is relatively weak but positive.