心理弹性在大学生心理危机预防中的作用

目的:探讨心理弹性在大学生心理危机预防中的作用。方法:应用心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、大学生危机人格测查问卷、危机脆弱性问卷和自我压弹量表对823名大学生进行团体施测。结果:1大学生在心理弹性总水平上,大四高于大二、大三(P0.05),自我压弹大四高于大二(P0.05)、城市高于农村(t=-2.372,P0.05);2除精神影响因素外,心理弹性其他因素及总分与危机人格各因素及总分、危机脆弱性存在显著负相关(r=-0.104~-0.518,P0.01),与自我压弹存在显著的正相关(r=0.118~0.558,P0.01),高、低心理弹性者在危机人格(t=12.203,P0.01)、危机脆弱性(t=12.134,P0.01)、自我压弹(t=-13.017,P0.01)存在显著差异。结论:心理弹性、自我压弹分别与危机人格、危机脆弱性存在显著的负相关,提高大学生的心理弹性水平可以达到预防大学生心理危机发生的目的。

The Role of Resilience in Preventing Psychological Crisis of College Students

Objective:To investigate the role of resilience in preventing psychological crisis of college students . Methods:A number of 823 students were assessed with Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC) ,Undergrad‐uates'Crisis Personality Questionnaire ,Crisis Frangibility Questionnaire and Ego Resiliency Scale(ER89) .Results:①Senior students had higher level of psychological resilience comparing with sophomore(P<0 0.5)and junior students (P<0 0.5) .For the aspect of ego resiliency ,senior students got higher level than sophomore students(P<0 0.5) ,and students from cities also got higher level than those from rural areas(t=‐2 3.72 ,P<0 0.5) .②Besides mental factor , other four factors of resilience were negatively related to the five factors of crisis personality or crisis frangibility(r=‐0 1.04~‐0 5.18 ,P<0 0.1) ,but exhibited positive correlation to ego resiliency at the same time(r=0 1.18~0 5.58 ,P<0 0.1) .There were significant differences in crisis personality(t=12 2.03 ,P<0 0.1) ,crisis frangibility(t=12 1.34 ,P<0 0.1)and ego resiliency(t=‐13 0.17 ,P<0 0.1) among students with high or low levels of resilience .Conclusion:The level of resilience or ego resiliency is negatively related to that of crisis personality or crisis frangibility I.t is efficient to prevent the occurrences of psychological crisis through increasing the level of resilience in university students .