Endosonography-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections with a novel lumen-apposing stent

Background

The purpose of this study is to report our initial experience with a new fully covered metallic stent with a novel design (AXIOS) to prevent migration and fluid leakage, in the drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC).

Methods

We included nine patients from four Spanish centers undergoing endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage of PFC with placement of an AXIOS stent. The lesions were accessed via transgastric (n = 7), transesophageal (n = 1), and transduodenal (n = 1) by using a novel access device (NAVIX) in six cases or a 19-G needle in three. Patients were individually followed prospectively for procedure indications, demographic data, previous imaging techniques, technical aspects, clinical outcomes, complications, and follow-up after endoscopic drainage.

Results

The mean size of lesions was 105 ± 26.3 mm (range, 70–150). In six cases, cystoscopy was performed through the stent, including necrosectomy in two. Median procedure time was 25 ± 13 min. A median number of two sessions were performed. The technical success rate was 88.8 % (8/9) due to one failure of the delivery system. One patient developed a tension pneumothorax immediately after transesophageal drainage. No migrations were reported, and all stents were removed easily. All patients had a successful treatment outcome achieving complete cyst resolution. Mean time to stent retrieval was 33 ± 40 days. Mean follow-up was 50 ± 1.3 weeks (range, 45–55), and only one patient presented a recurrence 4 weeks after the stent removal. Furthermore, comparison with ten previous consecutively recruited PFC cases drained by EUS-guided using plastic pigtail stents was done. Technical and clinical successes were similar. However, two stent migrations, two recurrences, and two complications were found. The number of stents used (n = 15) and the median procedure time (42.8 ± 3.1 min) were significantly higher.

Conclusions

Drainage of PFC using dedicated devices as this novel metallic stent with special design seems to be an effective, feasible and safe alternative technique.