Schock

Shock is defined as a disproportion between oxygen supply and consumption based on a deficient perfusion of vital organs. Reduction of circulating blood volume (hypovolemic shock), cardiac failure with low output (cardiac shock) or the failure of peripheral vascular resistance (distributive shock) can result in shock. Preclinically the diagnosis of shock is determined by exploration, physical examination and – some – monitoring only. Therapy is directed towards the underlying cause whilst recovery and maintenance of adequate perfusion of vitals and tissue are of primary importance. This strategy includes the application of oxygen, fluids and catecholamines. Moreover, the choice of the hospital for further therapy is crucial in case of emergency.