贵州栽培太子参质量评价及生长区划

为贵州省栽培太子参的引种栽培选址和合理生产布局,以及GAP种植基地选址提供科学依据。该文采用最大信息熵(Maxent)模型确定生态因子的贡献率,利用Arc Map空间分析功能划分太子参的适宜生长种植区,量化太子参最优生境范围,并探讨了环境因素对太子参药材质量的影响。贵州太子参最适宜区主要集中在施秉县、黄平县、凯里市中东部、岑巩县、余庆县南部、铜仁市西部等地区。太子参最适宜区面积达6 405.39 km~2,占研究区总面积的3.64%。土壤类型、最暖季降水量、坡向、坡度、最暖月最高温、土壤有机碳含量、最干月降水量这7个生态因子对太子参的生长影响最大。利用空间信息分析技术准确对贵州栽培太子参的最适宜种植区和最优生境进行了科学综合评价,建议将黔东南州的岑巩县和镇远县作为值得开发的太子参潜在适宜种植区。

Quality evaluation and growing regionalization of Pseudostellaria heterophylla in Guizhou

This paper is aimed to study the potential ecological suitability regionalization of Pseudostellaria heterophylla for selecting GAP planting base location and designing rational production layout. The ecological factors and contribution rate were determined by using maximum entropy (Maxent) model. Then, the information entropy theory was used to determine the relative importance of each environmental factor, and thus to determine the most limiting habitat criteria. Finally, the probable spatial distribution of P. heterophylla was determined based on GIS spatial analysis of habitat conditions. Meanwhile, the optimal index range of ecological factors was quantified. The moderately and highly suitable habitats were mainly located in Shibing, Huangping, Cengong, the middle and east of Kaili, the south of Yuqing, the west of Tongren. The percentage of moderately and highly suitable habitats for P. heterophylla in the study area was 3.64%, and its area was 6 405.39 km². The results also showed that seven dominant ecological factors controlled the distribution of P. heterophylla. These factors included agrotype, the warmest rain, aspect, slope, the warmest and highest temperature, contents of soil organic carbon, and the driest month precipitation. The habitat suitability assessment model based on GIS and Maxent model theory could accurately evaluate the habitat suitability distribution of P. heterophylla in Guizhou. In addition, we recommended Cengong and Zhenyuan county in Guizhou province as the worthy developing potential planting areas.