Tumors of the cardiac valves: imaging findings in magnetic resonance imaging, electron beam computed tomography, and echocardiography |
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Authors: | B J Wintersperger C R Becker H Gulbins A Knez R Bruening A Heuck M F Reiser |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany, DE;(2) Department of Cardiac Surgery, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany, DE;(3) Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany, DE |
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Abstract: | We describe the findings from various cross-sectional imaging modalities in patients with cardiac valve adherent masses.
The techniques are discussed, and imaging findings are compared with the results of cardiac surgery. All three patients had
neurological symptoms and/or cardiac murmurs. Transthoracic and/or transesophageal echocardiography revealed the cardiac mass
in all three. For differentiation of thrombus and cardiac neoplasm magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed in
all three patients and electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) in two. Fast segmented cine gradient-echo MRI techniques provided
mass depiction in all patients, while T1-weighted spin-echo imaging failed in mass detection in one patient. None of the patients
showed evidence of valve regurgitation or stenosis in flow sensitive cine MRI. EBCT excluded mass calcifications in both patients
and reliably demonstrated the valve attached lesions. Although echocardiography is the modality of choice in evaluating cardiac
masses and especially valve attached masses, MRI and EBCT provide additional information about tissue characteristics and
allows an excellent overview of the cardiac and paracardiac morphology. Fast segmented cine gradient-echo MRI is especially
able to depict even small tumors attached to rapidly moving cardiac valves, and valve competence can be easily assessed within
the same examination.
Received: 17 December 1998; Revision received: 1 June 1999; Accepted: 10 August 1999 |
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Keywords: | : Heart neoplasm – Heart valves – Magnetic resonance imaging – Tomography X-ray computed echocardiography |
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