A Ser252Trp substitution in mouse FGFR2 results in hyperplasia of embryonic salivary gland parenchyma |
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Authors: | Tsukasa Watanabe Kaori Kometani-Gunjigake Kayoko Nakao-Kuroishi Misa Ito-Sago Masahiro Mizuhara Daiki Iwata Keiji Moriyama Kentaro Ono Tatsuo Kawamoto |
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Affiliation: | 1. Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan;2. Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Division of Maxillofacial and Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan;3. Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan |
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Abstract: | ObjectivesMutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene are responsible for several severe forms of craniosynostotic disorders, such as Apert and Crouzon syndromes. Patients with craniosynostotic disorders caused by a mutation in Fgfr2 present with several clinical symptoms, including hypersalivation. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of Apert syndrome (Fgfr2+/S252W mice) to evaluate the morphology of the submandibular glands at embryonic day 15.5 (E15.5), the time point reported to mark the start of lumen formation.MethodsFgfr2+/S252W mice were generated by crossing ACTB-Cre+/+ and Fgfr2+/Neo-S252W mice. After measuring body weight, the submandibular glands were collected at E15.5. H&E staining, immunostaining, and RT-qPCR were performed to investigate the development of the submandibular gland.ResultsThe number of ducts and acini in Fgfr2+/S252W mice was significantly higher than in control littermates; however, lumen formation was not affected. The mRNA expression of Fgf1, Fgfr1, Mmp2, Bmp4, Bmp7, Dusp6, and Etv5 in Fgfr2+/S252W mice was significantly higher compared to control littermates. Immunoreactivity for FGF3, FGF1, BMP4, and F4/80 was detected in the parenchyma of Fgfr2+/S252W mice. The area of apoptotic cells stained with TUNEL in Fgfr2+/S252W mice was significantly larger than that of the control littermates.ConclusionsThese results suggested that increased FGFR1 signaling and apoptosis in the submandibular glands of Fgfr2+/S252W mice occurred at E15.5, leading to parenchymal hyperplasia. This study demonstrated that a Ser252Trp substitution in mouse FGFR2 resulted in hyperplasia of the submandibular gland parenchyma during development. |
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Keywords: | Embryo Development Submandibular gland Apert Syndrome FGF Receptors Morphogenesis fibroblast growth factor" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" FGF embryonic day 15.5" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" E15.5 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptors" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" FGFRs submandibular gland" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" SMG platelet derived growth factor" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" PDGF platelet derived growth factor receptor" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" PDGFR bone morphogenetic protein" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" BMP laminin α5" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Lama5 matrix metalloproteinase" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0130" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" MMP Ets variant" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0140" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" ETV dual specificity phosphatase" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0150" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" DUSP postnatal day 1" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0160" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" P1 hematoxylin and eosin" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0170" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" H&E standard error" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0180" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" SE |
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