Assessment of nutritional deficiency manifestations in patients with rheumatic diseases |
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Authors: | Emad Elshebini Hozaifa Elsawah Taghreed Fathy Sherry Abdelrahman Omar Youssif Soaad Ashraf Nibal Mourad Mohamed Elnaggar Ahmed Elshebiny Shymaa Daif Enas Zahran |
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Affiliation: | 1. Rheumatolgy Division, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt;2. High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;3. Department of Rheumatology, Banha Teaching Hospital, Kalyoubia, Egypt;4. Scientific Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt;5. Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University Hospital, Dakahlia, Egypt;6. Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt;7. Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt;8. Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia |
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Abstract: | BackgroundInflammatory diseases can interfere with adequate nutrition and even lead to a malnourished state. Nutritional deficiency manifestations may be similar to rheumatologic manifestations.Aim of the workTo assess whether malnutrition is an associated feature of rheumatic diseases (RDs).Patients and methodsA multicenter study included Egyptian patients with different RDs; nutrition measurements and common features of deficiency were assessed; general appearance, skin, hair/nail changes, spooning of nails, night blindness, mouth problems, edema, tetany, dysphagia, diarrhea, thyromegaly, loss of appetite and weight loss.ResultsThe study included 284 patients with various RDs: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 128), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 120), Behçet’s disease (n = 17), spondyloarthritis (n = 6), systemic sclerosis (n = 5), dermatomyositis (n = 2), relapsing polychondritis (n = 2), and one patient each with familial Mediterranean fever, Gout, Still's disease and undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Muscle wasting was present in 44(15.5%) patients, spooning of nails in 26(9.2%), night blindness in 38(13.4%), glossitis in 48(16.9%), tetany in 32(11.3%) and loss of appetite in 51(18%). Although there was significant differences among RDs in some nutritional deficiency signs, the type and their durations did not significantly affect symptoms or signs of nutritional deficiency, while age was associated with peripheral edema (p = 0.014) and tetany (p = 0.009); azathioprine was associated with hair/nail changes (p = 0.04); methotrexate with peripheral edema and hair/nail changes (p = 0.002, p = 0.01 respectively); and hydroxychloroquine was negatively associated with skin rash, wasting and hair/nail changes (p = 0.011, p = 0.001 and p < 0.0001 respectively).ConclusionNutritional deficiency is common among RD patients especially elderly and should be monitored frequently regardless type and onset. |
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Keywords: | Nutritional deficiency Rheumatoid arthritis Lupus Rheumatic diseases |
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