北京市控烟条例知晓情况调查分析

[目的]了解市民对北京市控制吸烟条例内容的知晓程度.[方法]用统一培训、匿名和面对面方式,对参加肿瘤防治义诊现场活动的来访人员进行控烟条例知晓情况调查.[结果]共有396人完成调查,其中35岁以下125人,35～49岁132人,50～59岁80人,60岁及以上56人.调查对象知晓北京市控制吸烟条例的总评分为80.82.其中,35岁以下组和60岁及以上组的知晓评分(87.09和83.36)高于35～49岁组和50～59岁组(77.55和74.85);受教育程度为本科和研究生组的知晓评分(84.45和85.55)高于高中及以下组和大专组(77.45和78.65),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).调查对象条例内容知晓率较低的有4项,包括违反条例形式的处罚规定(48.74％)、开始实施日期(68.18％)、室内禁止吸烟场所(78.28％)和室外设置吸烟区的条件(79.80％).调查对象中,知晓北京市所有禁止吸烟的室内场所、室外场所、设置室外吸烟区条件和禁止烟草广告等相关行为的比例分别为65.91％,47.22％、34.09％和50.51％;现在吸烟者中,知晓所有室外禁烟场所和室外吸烟区设置条件的比例(36.36％和30.30％)低于非吸烟者(51.28％和36.75％),受教育程度较低的调查对象知晓所有室内禁烟场所、室外设置吸烟区条件和禁止烟草广告等相关行为的比例(59.69％,31.01％和42.64％)低于受教育程度较高者(73.21％、48.21％和64.29％).[结论]部分居民对北京市控烟条例缺乏全面了解,尤其是对实施禁烟的场所和违反条例行为的处罚规定知晓不足.

Survey on Awareness of Tobacco Control Regulation in Beijing

[Purpose] To survey the awareness on Tobacco Control Regulation in Beijing residents.[Methods] An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among attendances of the cancer counseling activities individually by trained volunteers.[Results] Total 396 questionnaires were completed from the attendances,including125 in ages under 35,132 in ages 35 to 49,80 in ages 50 to 59,and 56 in ages 60 years and above.The evaluated score for acquisition of tobacco control regulation related knowledge was 80.82 and it was significantly higher in the attendances in ages under 35 years(87.09) and 60 years or older(83.36) than that in 35 to 49 years(77.55) and 50 to 59 years old (74.85)(P＜0.05).Higher scores were also found in the attendances with educational level of university (84.45) and post-graduate degree (85.55) than those with high school or below(77.45) and junior college (78.65).The acquisition rates for specific contents of the regulation were found below 80％ in 4 of 11 questions,and the lowest was the punishment for those violate the regulation (48.74％),following as effective date of regulation(68.18％),no smoking indoor areas(78.28％),regulations on setting outdoor smoking areas (79.80％).Rates of knowing indoor no-smoking areas,outdoor no-smoking areas,regulation of setting outdoor smoking areas,ban of tobacco advertising was 65.91％,47.22％,34.09％ and 50.51％,respectively.Rates were lower in current smokers of knowing outdoor no-smoking areas and regulation of setting outdoor smoking areas(36.36％ and 30.30％) than those in never smokers(51.28％ and 36.75％).Similarly,rates of awareness of indoor no-smoking areas,regulation of setting outdoor smoking areas,ban tobacco advertising were higher in high education attendances (73.21％,48.21％ and 64.29％) than those with lower education level (59.69％,31.01％ and 42.64％).[Conclusion] The complete awareness of the tobacco control regulation contents among Beijing residents are insufficient,particularly for the smoking-free places and the punishment for those violate the regulation.