超声评价新生儿胼胝体发育及影响因素

目的通过颅脑超声监测胼胝体的生长率，分析新生儿胼胝体发育的影响因素，为早期评价和治疗脑发育性疾病提供依据。 方法选择2016年4月至12月就诊于兰州大学第二医院新生儿重症监护室（NICU）的97例新生儿，其中，早产儿54例（27~34周），足月儿43例。所有新生儿于出生后0~6周每周行颅脑超声检查并测量胼胝体矢状长度，通过独立样本t检验比较早产儿、足月儿出生后0~6周胼胝体生长率。采用Spearman相关分析孕周、新生儿出生体质量与胼胝体生长率之间的关系。 结果（1）新生儿出生时胼胝体矢状长度与孕周、出生体质量成正相关（r=0.57、0.58）；（2）早产儿出生后0周、2周、3周、4周、5周、6周胼胝体长度均低于足月儿，差异均有统计学意义（t=6.22、6.51、7.81、8.87、10.25、11.64，P均<0.001）；（3）早产儿、足月儿出生后0~2周胼胝体生长率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），出生后2~6周每周早产儿胼胝体生长率均低于足月儿，差异均有统计学意义（t=13.91、14.76、13.85、12.21，P均<0.001）。 结论新生儿胼胝体的发育与孕周、出生体质量有关；颅脑超声能实时动态监测胼胝体的生长发育。

Evaluation of the development of neonatal corpus callosum and the influencing factors by ultrasonography

ObjectiveTo analyze the influencing factors of the development of corpus callosum in newborns through monitoring the growth rate of the corpus callosum by ultrasonography. MethodsThe study included 97 cases of newborns who were admitted in Lanzhou University Second Hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from April 2016 to December 2016. Of them, there were 54 premature infants (27-34 w) and 43 term infants. The sagittal length of corpus callosum was measured by ultrasonography per week at 0-6 w of age. The growth rate of corpus callosum was compared between preterm infants and term infants by independent sample t test. The relationships between gestational age, neonatal birth weight and corpus callosum growth rate were analyzed. Results(1) The sagittal length of the corpus callosum in newborns were correlated with gestational age and birth weight (r=0.57, 0.58). (2) The length of corpus callosum at 0 weeks, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks and 6 weeks after birth was lower than that of term infants (t=6.22, 6.51, 7.81, 8.87, 10.25, 11.64, all P<0.01). (3) There was no significant difference in the growth rate of corpus callosum between preterm and term infants at 0-2 weeks after birth (P>0.05). The growth rate of corpus callosum was significantly different between preterm and term infants at 2-6 weeks after birth (t=13.91, 14.76, 13.85, 12.21, all P<0.01). ConclusionsThe development of the corpus callosum is related to gestational age and birth weight. Cranial ultrasound can dynamically monitor the growth and development of the corpus callosum.