Prospective evaluation of a post-stroke epilepsy risk scale |
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Authors: | Adam Strzelczyk Anja Haag Hans Raupach Gregor Herrendorf Hajo M Hamer Felix Rosenow |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Neurology and Interdisciplinary Epilepsy Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany;(2) Asklepios Kliniken Schildautal, Seesen, Germany |
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Abstract: | Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are established etiological factors for recurrent seizures. Still, only few prospective data
are available to predict post-stroke epilepsy and to choose the best point in time and anticonvulsive agent for treatment.
In a prospective study we evaluated 264 consecutive stroke patients and assessed their post-stroke epilepsy risk within a
follow-up of 1 year. Data on ten risk items concerning the stroke localisation, persisting neurological deficit, stroke subtype,
established diagnosis of vascular encephalopathy, early- and late-onset seizures were collected using a post-stroke epilepsy
risk scale (PoSERS). All patients underwent brain imaging with either CT, MRI or both and 148 patients underwent electroencephalography.
The overall frequency of early-onset seizures within 14 days was 4.5%, of at least one late seizure 6.4% and of epilepsy 3.8%.
Chi-Square tests showed significantly higher relative frequencies of seven of the ten clinical characteristics in post-stroke
epilepsy patients. The total scale showed moderate sensitivity (70%) and positive predictive value (87.5%) while specificity
(99.6%) and negative predictive value (98.8%) were relatively high. The EEG showed little value in predicting post-stroke
epilepsy. The PoSERS appears to be a valuable tool to predict the risk for post-stroke epilepsy within the first few days
after a stroke. |
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