Superior mesenteric artery syndrome following correction of kyphosis in an adult

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is well described in the pediatric literature; however, to date, it has not been described in an adult individual undergoing correction of thoracic kyphosis. Medical history, physical findings, and the results of imaging studies were analyzed to describe the patient's onset of gastrointestinal obstruction following surgical correction of thoracic kyphosis. The postoperative course was marked by the onset of nausea and vomiting on postoperative day 24. The patient was admitted to the hospital, and the small bowel follow-through study showed blockage of the third portion of the duodenum at the level of the SMA. Oral intake was restricted, and total parenteral nutrition was instituted with complete resolution of her symptoms. At 1 year postoperatively, the patient was symptom-free. Although vascular compression of the duodenum with subsequent nausea and vomiting and electrolyte imbalance, caused by the relative lengthening of the spine, is most commonly associated with surgical correction of coronal plane deformities (ie, scoliosis), it may occur in patients undergoing correction of thoracic kyphosis as well. SMA syndrome is a well known potential complication in adolescents, and it should also be taken into consideration in adults undergoing deformity correction. Early institution of general medical measures of nasogastric suction, oral intake restriction, and intravenous alimentation can be successful.