与免疫相关的血细胞减少患者骨髓造血细胞自身抗体的研究

目的　了解与免疫相关的血细胞减少患者骨髓造血细胞结合的自身抗体的类型、分布、数量及临床意义 ,考察骨髓单个核细胞直接抗人球蛋白试验 (BMMNC Coombs)的敏感性。方法　对 32例临床疑诊为免疫性全血细胞减少的患者进行BMMNC Coombs试验和流式细胞术 (FACS)双标法检测骨髓造血干 祖细胞、有核红细胞、粒细胞结合的自身抗体的种类及结合率。结果　FACS双标法检出的骨髓造血细胞自身抗体的阳性率为 90 .6 %,BMMNC Coombs试验检出的阳性率为 5 0 .0 %,前者显著高于后者 ( χ2 =12 .6 5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。FACS检测自身抗体阳性的 2 9例患者中IgG型占 6 .9%,IgM型占13 .8%,IgG +IgA型占 3 .4%,IgG +IgM型占 31.0 %,IgG +IgM +IgA型占 44 .8%;2 9例中含IgG型 2 5例 ,占 86 .2 %,含IgM型 2 6例 ,占 89.7%,含IgA型 14例 ,占 48.3 %。IgG型血红蛋白减少得最严重 ,含IgM型的患者可有血管内溶血的实验室发现 ,IgM和IgM +IgG型组治疗的起效时间明显短于其他组。91.3 %的患者可检出造血干 祖细胞上有自身抗体 ,而且多表现为全血细胞减少 ;约 5 0 .0 %的患者红、粒系细胞上有自身抗体 ,13例BMMNC Coombs试验阴性而FACS检测阳性的患者中有 11例在造血干细胞上有自身抗体。与有核红细胞和造血干 祖细胞结合的三种抗体

Category, quantity and clinical significance of autoantibodies on bone marrow hematopoietic cells in patients with immunorelated cytopenia

Objectives To explore the category, quantity and clinical significance of autoantibodies on bone marrow hematopoietic cells in patients with immunorelated cytopenia and evaluate the sensitivity of direct antiglobulin reaction (Coombs test) of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC). Methods The category and the positive rate of autoantibodies on bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, nucleated erythrocytes, granulocytes in 32 patients with uncertain immunorelated cytopenia were investigated by using BMMNC-Coombs test and double immunofluorescence flow cytometry. Results The positive rate of autoantibodies on bone marrow hematopoietic cells tested by flow cytometry was 90.63% which was higher than that by BMMNC-Coombs test (50.0%)(P<0.05). In 29 positive cases, IgG autoantibody accounted for 6.90%, IgM 13.8%, IgG+IgA 3.4%, IgG+IgM 31.0%, and IgG+IgM+IgA 44.8%. Of the 29 patients, 25(86.2%) with IgG autoantibody, 26(89.7%) with IgM and 14(48.3%) with IgA. The patients with IgG autoantibody alone had the lowest hemoglobin levels, and those with IgM autoantibody might have intravascular hemolytic findings. The response time of patients with IgG and IgG+IgM was shorter than that of the other patients. 91.3% of the patients had autoantibodies on bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and showed pancytopenia, and 50% of the patients had autoantibodies on nucleated erythrocytes and granulocytes. Eleven of 13 patients with negative BMMNC-Coombs tests had autoantibodies on bone marrowhematopoietic stem cells detected by FACS. There was no significant difference of the quantites of the three categories of autoantibodies of nucleated erythrocytes and stem cells. The quantities of IgA on granulocytes were lower than that of IgG and IgM. There was no significant difference between IgG and IgM on granulocytes. The quantity of IgA on hematopoietic stem cells was significantly higher than that on nucleated erythrocytes or granulocytes. Conclusions The sensitivity of double immunofluoresence flow cytometry assay was higher than that of BMMNC-Coombs test for detecting autoantibodies. In immunorelated cytopenia patients, the predominant autoantibody was IgM which could cause intravascular hemolysis, and the second one was IgG which could cause severe anemia. Most immunorelated cytopenia patients had autoantibodies on hematopoietic stem cells and showed pancytopenia. IgA was more easily seen on the hematopoietic stem cells.