金属离子对单核/巨噬细胞细胞活性及其膜上RANK表达的影响

背景：与其他配伍的假体一样，金属-金属假体在使用过程中也会产生大量的磨损颗粒和金属离子，其中金属离子以钴和铬离子较为常见，可导致假体周围骨溶解，引起假体无菌性松动。目的：观察Co2+、Cr3+离子对体外培养小鼠单核/巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)的细胞活性及其膜上RANK表达的影响。方法：体外培养单核/巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)，采用金属钴铬离子对单核/巨噬细胞进行干预，不同时间点用四唑盐比色方法检测细胞活性并以半定量反转录-聚合酶链反应方法测定RANK mRNA的表达量。结果与结论：四唑盐比色实验结果显示，与对照组相比，Co2+、Cr3+可使单核/巨噬细胞的细胞活性明显下降。单核/巨噬细胞暴露在钴铬离子下，与对照组相比，钴铬离子组单核/巨噬细胞RANKmRNA在12 h表达增强(P < 0.05)，24 h达到高峰(P < 0.05)，48 h较24 h表达下降(P < 0.05)。结果提示，金属离子对单核/巨噬细胞有细胞毒性，且能够刺激单核/巨噬细胞RANK mRNA的表达，为单核/巨噬细胞向具有骨质吸收功能的破骨样细胞转化提供必要的前提条件。

Effect of metal ions on monocyte-macrophage cells viability and RANK expression

BACKGROUND: Similar to other prosthesis, metal-metal prosthesis would produce plenty of wear particles and metal ions, mainly presented as cobalt (Co2+) and chromium (Cr3+), which can lead to osteolysis, eventually, result in aseptic loosening.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Co2+ and Cr3+ ions on the cells viability and expression of RANK in rats monocyte-macrophage cells (RAW264.7) in vitro. METHODS: Monocyte-macrophage cells (RAW264.7) were cultured in vitro, and then the cells were exposed to Co2+ and Cr3+ ions. The cell viability was assured by MTT test and the level of RANK mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR at different times. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared to the control group, MTT test demonstrated that Co2+ and Cr3+ ions could decrease the cell activity of monocyte-macrophage cells obviously. When the cells were exposed to Co2+, Cr3+ ions, compared to the control group, the mRNA expression of RANK of the metal ions group was increased at 12 hours (P < 0.05), reached its peak level at 24 hours (P < 0.05), and decreased at 48 hours than that of 24 hours (P < 0.05). The results revealed that metal ions have a cytotoxic effect on monocyte-macrophage cells, stimulate the expression of RANK, and have the potential of facilitating monocyte-macrophages cells transform into osteoclast-like cells.