高功能孤独症和Asperger综合征儿童的执行功能

目的探讨高功能孤独症(HFA)和Asperger综合征(AS)儿童在执行功能方面的认知神经心理特征。方法应用威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)分别对17例HFA儿童、23例AS儿童和20例正常健康儿童进行测试。结果HFA组儿童完成分类数(Cc)、正确应答数(Rc)、概念化水平百分比(Rf%)均明显较正常儿童组低，AS组Cc、Rc也明显低于正常儿童组，但AS组Cc明显高于HFA组；HFA组持续性应答数(Rp)和持续性错误数(Rpe)明显较正常儿童组高，AS组持续性应答数和持续性错误数与正常儿童组无显著性差异。结论HFA组与AS儿童存在不同程度的执行功能障碍。

A Study of Executive Function in Children with High Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome

Objective: To research the cognitive neuropsychological profiles of executive function in Chinese children with HFA and AS. Methods: 17 children with HFA, 23 children with AS and 20 normal controls were examined by using Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Results: HFA group performed weaker than normal controls in categories completed, correct responses and percent conceptual level, and AS group also performed weaker than normal controls in categories completed and correct responses while better than HFA group in categories completed; The perservative responses and perseverative errors in HFA are higher than normal controls while it show no significant difference between AS and normal controls. Conclusion: The children with HFA and AS have executive dysfunction in different extent.