豆番粉与玉米粉对人体血糖胰岛素胰升血糖素的影响

目的探讨豆番粉和玉米粉对人体餐后血糖、胰岛素、胰升血糖素的影响。方法选择Ⅱ型糖尿病人、肥胖人、健康人，ｄ１均进食面粉，ｄ２随机进食豆番粉或玉米粉，测量２ｄ的空腹血糖及餐后３０、６０、１２０、１８０ｍｉｎ各５个时点的血糖、胰岛素、胰升血糖素值。结果糖尿病人进食豆番粉后６０、１２０、１８０ｍｉｎ的血糖值低于进食面粉，Ｐ分别＜０．０１、０．０１、０．０５；进食玉米粉后１２０、１８０ｍｉｎ血糖值低于面粉，Ｐ＜０．０５。２种实验食物的血糖增值面积均低于面粉，Ｐ＜０．０５；进食豆番粉后各时点胰岛素值、胰升血糖素值明显低于进食面粉，Ｐ＜０．０５或＜０．０１；进食玉米粉后同时点胰岛素值与面粉相比无显著性差异，胰升糖素值３０、１２０ｍｉｎ有显著性差异。肥胖人进食豆番粉后血糖值与面粉相比无显著性差异，但胰岛素值、胰升血糖素值有明显下降，各时点值Ｐ均＜０．０５。结论①豆番粉血糖指数低，可控制餐后高血糖状态，不增加胰岛素、胰升血糖素分泌，可减轻胰岛素抵抗。②玉米粉血糖曲线增值面积、低于面粉，可作为糖尿病人选择的食品，对改善胰岛素抵抗也有较好的作用。

Effects of beans-sweat potato powder and maize powder on blood sugar insulin and glucagon levels in diabetic patients and fat people

Objective In order to clarify the effects of the beans-sweet potato powder and maize powder which contains rich soluble plant fiber on postprandial blood sugar,insulin and glucagon levels.Method Twenty three patients with diabetes mellitas type Ⅱ,17 fat people and 25 controls took wheat flour on the first day,the beans-sweet potato powder or maize powder randomly on the second day.Then the concentrations of fasting and postprandial glycemia,insulin and glucagon at 30′60′120′180′ were recored.Results The concentrations of glycemia after eating the beans-sweet potato powder at 60′120′180′ and maize powder at 120′180′ were lower than those of eating wheat flour in diabetes patients . Both increasing area of glycemia in test foods were less than that of wheat flour(P<0.05).The concentrations of blood insulin and glucagon in diabetas patients who ate beans-sweat potato powder at all time point were obviously lower than those of eating wheat flour(P<0.05 or <0.01).There was no obviously difference was find in maize powder and wheat flour group at every time point in blood insul levels of in diabetic patients, but blood glucagon showed difference at 30′120′. Compaired with wheat flour, after fat people ate beans-sweat potato powder, the concentration of glycemia had no difference. however, that of blood insolin and glucagon decreased obviously at all time point(P<0.05). Conclusion ①The powder of beans- sweet potato ,which has a low blood sugar index, can controls postprandial high glycemia, and does not increase insulin and glucagon secretion and reduce insulin resistance.②Of the maize powder,its blood sugar curve increasing area are lower than those of wheat flour.It can be chosen as diabetic patients food and has a better effect of reducing insulin resistance.