2～3岁孤独谱系障碍儿童尾状核体积与重复刻板行为的关系

目的:对比2～3岁孤独谱系障碍(ASD)与发育迟缓(DD)儿童尾状核体积的差异,并探讨尾状核体积与重复刻板行为严重程度的关系。方法:使用ITK-SNAP软件分别计算并比较66例ASD儿童(ASD组)和36例年龄、性别、智商与之相匹配的DD儿童(DD组)的尾状核体积,并与由孤独症诊断访谈量表-修订版(ADI-R)所得重复刻板行为分数进行相关分析。结果:ASD组尾状核左侧(P=0.005)、右侧(P0.001)以及总体积(P=0.001)较DD组显著增大;尾状核左侧(r=0.359,P=0.004)、总体积(r=0.317,P=0.013)与ADI-R低水平重复刻板行为分呈显著正相关。结论:2～3岁的ASD儿童已表现出尾状核体积的异常增大,且与低水平的重复刻板行为有相关。

Correlation between caudate nucleus volume and rePetitive behaviors in 2 to 3 year old children with autism sPectrum disorder

Objective：To explore the caudate nucleus volume between the autism spectrum disorder （ASD）and developmental delay（DD）groups,and determine the relationship between caudate nucleus volume and restricted,repetitive behavior（RRB）in 2-to 3-year old children with ASD. Method：Caudate nucleus volume,quantified by ITK-SNAP,was compared between 66 children with ASD and 36 age,gender and intelligence-matched control children with DD aged 2-to 3-years. The relationship between caudate nucleus volume and RRB scores of autism diagnostic interview-revised（ADI-R）was analyzed. Results：The volumes of left （P = 0. 002）,right（P ﹤ 0. 001）and total（P = 0. 001）caudate nucleus were significantly larger in the ASD group compared to the DD group. In ASD group,left（r = 0. 329,P = 0. 004）and total（r = 0. 317,P = 0. 013） caudate nucleus volumes were significantly associated with lower order RRB scores. Conclusion：The caudate nucleus volume in 2 to 3 year old children with ASD is incresed and correlated with lower order repetitive behaviors.