艾滋病低发省青年学生艾滋病知识和态度影响因素研究

目的分析青年学生艾滋病知识和态度的影响因素，为进行有针对性的宣传教育，提高艾滋病防控工作的效果提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法对中国七个艾滋病低发省份的青年学生进行抽样，开展艾滋病知识和态度问卷调查。采用Q型系统聚类的方法，根据青年学生艾滋病知识和态度的水平，对人群进行聚类，然后用多因素累积Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果共调查15～38岁的学生7992名，平均年龄为19．1岁±2．0岁；男女性别比为0．8：1；主要为未婚（99．4％）、在调查当地居住2年以上（75．9％）、汉族（88．1％）；高中文化程度占62．1％，大专及本科占37．9％。本研究将艾滋病知识及态度状况聚成3类，Ⅰ类最好6577人，Ⅱ类其次1033人，Ⅲ类最差382人；多因素累积Logistic回旭分析结果显示，省份、居住时间和教育程度是青年学生艾滋病知识和态度的影响因素。结论受教育程度高的学生艾滋病知识和态度水平也相对较高，部分省青年学生知识和态度水平较低，流动性很强的青年学生知识态度水平较低；影响青年学生艾滋病知识和态度水平的因素地区间存在差异，对青年学生的艾滋病健康教育要根据实际情况选择不同的重点人群，以达到事半功倍的效果。

Study on factors of AIDS knowledge and attitude of students in HIV low prevalence provinces in China

Objective To assess the factors associated with the AIDS knowledge and attitude of students for providing tailored HIV/AIDS related health education for the students and improve effectiveness of HIV/AIDS prevention in China.Method Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used for selecting the students from seven HIV low-prevalence provinces in China.Structured questionnaire-based interviews were conducted by strained staff to collect the students' AIDS knowledge and attitude.Q-type clustering analysis and Cumulative Logistic Regression were used for the data analysis.Results Total of 7 992 students aged from 15 to 38 year-old were interviewed in this study.Average age of the interviewed students was 19.1(SD:±2.0) year-old;the ratio of male to female was 0.8 to 1;the vast majority of the participants were single(99.4%);had lived in their registered residence >2 years(75.9%);Han ethnic group(88.1%);62.1% were high school students,while others were college or higher-level students.All students were clustered into 3 groups,in which the level of AIDS knowledge and attitude were ranked higher,middle and lower respectively.Group Ⅰ included 6 577 students;group Ⅱ included 1 033 students;and groups Ⅲ included 382 students.The result of Cumulative Logistic Regression analysis indicated that residency area,migration status,and lower level of grade were independently associated with poorer level of AIDS knowledge and attitude.Conclusion The study found that the student who were in higher educational level had higher level of AIDS knowledge and attitude;migrant students had lower level of AIDS knowledge and attitude;students in some provinces had lower knowledge and attitude;factors of AIDS knowledge and attitude changed in different provinces.In order to achieve satisfied effectiveness through efficient project implementation,the HIV/AIDS related health education projects for students should based on actual situation in different areas and select different important target populations.