孕期体重指数对初产妇妊娠结局的影响

目的 探讨孕早期体重指数（BMI）和孕期体重增长幅度对初产妇妊娠结局的影响.方法 376例初产妇按孕早期BMI分为低体重组（BMI＜18.5 kg/m2）、正常组（18.5 kg/m2≤BMI≤23.5 kg/m2）和超重组（BMI＞23.5 kg/m2）;根据孕期体重增长幅度分为过低组、正常组和过多组,分析各组孕妇妊娠结局.结果 孕早期超重组和孕期体重增加过多组妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病、剖宫产、巨大儿、新生儿窒息的发生率均明显高于正常组和低体重组（或体重增加过低组）（P＜0.05）.产后出血发生率组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞O.05）.结论 孕早期超重和孕期体重增加过多是导致不良妊娠结局的高危因素.

Influence of body mass index on the outcomes of childbirth in the primipara

Objective To study the influence of body mass index （BMI）and early pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy on the outcomes of childbirth in the primipara. Methods 376 primiparas were divided into low weight group （BMI〈18.5 kg/m2）,normal group （18.5 kg/m2≤BMI≤23.5 kg/m2） and overweight group （BMI〉23.5 kg/m2） according to BMI of early pregnancy, and were divided into low group, normal group and too much group according to weight gain during pregnancy. Results The incidence of pregnancy-hypertension syndrome,gestational diabetes mellitus, cesarean delivery, macrosomia and asphyxia neonatorum in overweight group and weight gain too much group were significantly higher than those in normal group and the low weight group （or weight gain low group） （P〈0.05）.Incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was not significantly different between each groups（P〉0.05）. Conclusion Overweight at early pregnancy and weight gain too much during pregnancy are high risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes.