高海拔地区准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术矫正近视的临床特点

目的研究在高海拔地区实施准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术矫正近视的临床特点和可预测性。方法收集2005年5月～2007年3月在地处高原地区的青海红十字医院完成准分子激光角膜磨镶术（laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK）的患者484例（968眼）。男273例（546眼）,女211例（422眼）。分析患者术后视力、症状、并发症等。进行统计学分析。结果术后第1年100%术眼视力≥4.8,术后第1周球镜度为（-0.16±0.10）D,柱镜度为（-0.06±0.22）D。术中发生角膜瓣相关并发症共80眼（8.3%）。术后第1个月545眼（53.2%）有干眼症状。结论在高海拔地区准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术矫正近视具有极高的可预测性,提高裸眼视力效果显著。但由于高海拔地区气压低,干燥,紫外线及红外线辐射强,造成术中角膜瓣并发症及术后干眼症发生率较高,应引起屈光手术医师足够的重视,采取相应的措施减少并发症。

Clinical characteristic of laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia in high altitude areas

Objective To study the clinical characteristic and predictability of laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia in high altitude areas.Methods Four hundred and eighty-four（968 eyes） myopes were treated with laser in situ keratomileusis（LASIK） in the Qinghai Red Cross Hospital from May 2005 to March 2007.The predictability of visual acuity and refractive error postoperative were analyzed.The occurrence and management of complications were also investigated.Results After one year had passed,100% had a visual acuity of ≥4.8.Sphere was（-0.16±0.10）D and cylinder was（-0.06 ±0.22）D.Intraoperative corneal flap complications took place in 80 eyes（8.3% at postoperative day 7）.Dry eye was diagnosed in 545 eyes（53.2%） at 1 month postoperatively.Conclusion LASIK is highly predictable in high altitude areas.The results of LASIK for myopia were satisfactory.But the climate characteristics of high altitudes increase corneal flap and dry eye complications.Doctors should pay much more attention to it and take measures to reduce complications.