北京市石景山地区中老年人群中慢性肾脏病的流行病学研究

目的 探讨我国城市中老年人群中慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病率及危险因素。方法 对北京市石景山地区4个社区中2353名40岁以上的常住居民进行问卷调查、肾脏损伤指标及相关危险因素的检测。结果 在2310例资料完整的居民中．白蛋白尿的患病率为6．2％，肾功能下降的患病率为3．0％，血尿或非感染性白细胞尿的患病率为0．87％。该人群中CKD的患病率为9.4％。知晓率为8．3％。多因素Logistic回归提示．糖尿病及收缩压水平与白蛋白尿独立相关。高尿酸血症、白蛋白尿、年龄、高胆固醇血症及性别与肾功能下降独立相关。结论 在我国大城市中老年人群中，CKD的患病率为9。4％，接近发达国家水平；相关危险因素包括糖尿病、血压及年龄等，均与发达国家类似。

Community-based screening for chronic kidney disease among population older than 40 years in Beijing

Objective To investigate the prevalence of kidney damage and risk factors in residents older than 40 years in Beijing， one of the greatest Chinese metropolis. Methods Two thousand three hundred and fifty-three residents from four of eight communities in one district of Beijing were interviewed and tested for albuminuria-morning spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio (abnormal:≥30 mg/g)， reduced renal function-estimated glomerular filtration rate by abbreviated MDRD equation abnomal: < 60 ml?min-1?(1.73 m2)-1]， hematuria and pyuria-morning spot urine dipstick confirmed by urine microscopy. The associations among demographic characteristics， health characteristics (eg. smoking， diabetes， and hypertension) and indicators of kidney damage were examined. Results Albuminuria was detected in 6.2% of subjects， reduced renal function in 3.0%， hematuria in 0.8%， and non-infective pyuria in 0.09%. Approximately 9.4% of subjects had at least one indicator of kidney damage. Diabetes and systolic blood pressure were independently associated with albuminuria. Hyperuricemia， albuminuria， age， hypercholesteremia and gender were independently associated with reduced renal function. Conclusion The prevalence and risk factors of CKD in population older than 40 years in a Chinese metropolis are similar to those of developed countries.